Philip Johnson’s Nazi past - media coverage and more
Primary sources, secondary sources, media mentions: a creepy art, design and Nazi publicity compilation. "We forgave, but we didn’t forget," [Jewish architect Frank] Gehry was quoted Wednesday [after the death of Philip Johnson]. "He was so powerful a force for the good in our profession that it overwhelmed all negatives." Deutsche Welle (Berlin) (28 January 2005).
Art Design Publicity at ADC (Twist, Twist, Snap Remix) | 30 November 2023 | Updated 10 November 2024
Spotlighted video
Rachel Maddow, MSNBC broadcast, 12 February 2024, referring to Tucker Carlson, Vladimir Putin and Philip Johnson: "With [Johnson], we had a committed American fascist allied with the Nazis, openly routing for them, trying to sell us this bill of goods." (Start at 8:07.) (See the full segment on Twitter, part I; part II; part III; part IV; part V.)
Spotlighted video
See Lyden, Tom. (8 February 2021). FOX 9 news (KMSP) (Minneapolis, Minnesota) entry below for more details.
Spotlighted video
See Mason, Anthony (presumably 20 April 2019). CBS news entry below for more details. Mason: "Johnson’s former secretary told the FBI he wanted to be Hitler in the United States..."
Spotlighted audio
For more information, see the entry below in the listing: Preece, R. J. (6 August 2024). Philip Johnson, Nazi agent / architect, advanced research: No more "cover stories" (pt 1).
For a dark and disturbing instrumental musical accompaniment to get the feel of working on this compilation and the documentation gathering research regarding Herr Johnson, liisten to Front Line Assembly’s "Intelligence dream" and "The State", clicking above.
1930s | 1932 - information, FBI document(1932). Information in: (23 May 1940). Memorandum for Mr. E. A. Tamm [presumably Edgar Allen Tamm, (Special) Assistant to J. Edgar Hoover; regarding Philip Johnson; from A. Rosen], 2 pp. Federal Bureau of Investigation, United States Department of Justice, Washington, DC. [FBI file - Philip Johnson, document no. 100-32734-X]. (Viewed 4 July 2024. S01414). "... [Johnson] has often in his conversations since 1932 expressed his interest in the coming Revolution and has stated that things will be different ’when the revolution comes’... " 1933 - information, FBI document(1933). Information in: (20 September 1940). Memorandum for the Special Agent in Charge, re. Philip Johnson; Bruce Simmons, interior decorator, informant. (Simmons states that Johnson encouraged him to join "The Greyshirts".) (Viewed 5 July 2024. S01440).
c. 1933-34 - PJ’s secretary speaks to FBI (in 1942)(c. 1933-34). Ruth Merrill, regarding Philip Johnson, as reported by Kenneth M. Bierly in New York City (19 September 1942). Character of case: Internal security. Federal Bureau of Investigation (NY file no. 100-6004 ITN). (See 19 September 1942 entry below for quote.) (Viewed 4 December 2023.)
|
Click the photo to see part one of Philip Johnson’s declassified FBI report.
Huey Long, Democratic governor then Senator of Louisiana, was a fascist demagogue credited with building various public works projects for the poor. He also advocated for significant reforms for the far more equitable distribution of income during the Depression. 1934 - spotlighted news briefUP (New York). (18 December 1934). Museum heads enter politics; study "Kingfish" [about Alan Blackburn, executive director of the Museum of Modern Art, as leader, and Philip Johnson, as co-founder of new National Party advocating for a new form of government, and their interest in the authoritarian Democrat Senator / former governor Huey Long from Louisiana]. Rochester Times-Union (New York), p. 1. col. 2. (Viewed 8 December 2023. S00649).
1934 - spotlighted photo / captionUnknown photo agency. (21 December 1934). Captiion: On trail of Huey Long [with photo of Alan Blackburn and Philip Johnson] (above). The Daily Argus (Mount Vernon, New York), presumably p. 18. (Viewed 22 June 2024. S01347).
|
1934 - other articlesSee the articles 1934 - article(18 December 1934). Two foresake art to found a party; Museum Modernists prepare to go to Louisiana at once to study Huey Long’s ways; Gray shirt their symbol; Young Harvard graduates think politics need more "emotion" and less "intellectualism" [regarding Alan Blackburn and Philip Johnson]. New York Times, p. 23. (Updated 6 July 2024. S00644). "... ’The idea of founding a new party originated with me,’ Mr. Blackburn said. ’Both Mr. Johnson and I have been interested in the book written by Lawrence Dennis. ’The doom of capitalism,’ but he did not start this party.’ Last summer the two new political leaders traveled throughout the country by automobile, stopping every two hours to talk with people. The purpose was to study American life..." (Excerpt from above.)
1934 - article(18 December 1934). Two quit modern art museum for sur-realist political venture; Blackburn and Johnson, with no program but one party for nation, start Saturday for Louisiana to study the interesting, to them, Huey Long [regarding, and with photo of, Philip Johnson and Alan Blackburn]. New York Herald, p. 1. (Viewed 24 June 2024. S00643). "... The adventure begins on Saturday, after Mr. Blackburn and Mr. Johnson have taken leave of the museum, for which they expressed great admiration and after they have collected necessary supplies. They were attacking the problem of firearms yesterday. Mr Johnson favored a submachine gun, but Mr. Blackburn preferred one of the larger types of pistol. When such difficulties are settled the baggage will be packed in Mr. Johnson’s large Packard touring car and they will set off..." (Excerpt from above.)
1934 - article(18 December 1934). Two wise men found a party [regarding Philip Johnson and Alan Blackburn]. The New York Sun, p. 20. (Viewed 30 May 2024. S01126). "Led by two very earnest young men, a new Gray Shirt party has entered the field of American politics..." (Excerpt from above.)
1934 - news briefA. P. (New York). (18 December 1934). Aspiring politicians take Long as model; N. Y. museum executives for form own party [regarding Philip Johnson and Alan Blackburn]. The Montreal Daily Star (Canada), p. 16. (Viewed 29 May 2024. S01123).
1934 - news briefAP (New York - Dec. 17). (18 December 1934). To Huey for advice [regarding Philip Johnson and Alan Blackburn]. St. Joseph Gazette (Missouri), p. 1, col. 2. (Viewed 31 May 2024. S01144). "Alan Blackburn and Philip Johnson resigned their positions at the Museum of Modern Art today to study Senator Huey Long’s methods and build a private political party..." (Excerpt from above.)
1934 - news briefAP (New York, Dec. 18). (18 December 1934). Two New York men to form new party; Resign museum positions to study methods of Senator Huey Long [regarding Alan Blackburn and Philip Johnson].The Daily Argus-Leader (Sioux Falls, South Dakota), p. 2. (Viewed 30 May 2024. S01132).
1934 - news briefNew York Bureau of The Sun (New York - Dec. 17). (18 December 1934). Quit art for politics and study of Kingfish; Blackburn and Johnson, of Museum of Modern Art in N. Y., to further own party. The Sun (Baltimore, Maryland), p. 3. (Viewed 30 May 2024. S01130).
1934 - news briefUP (New York, Dec. 18). (18 December 1934). National party in announced; Being formed by Executive Director of Museum of Modern Art [regarding Philip Johnson and Alan Blackburn]. Times-Herald (Olean, New York), p. 1. (Viewed 30 May 2024. S01127).
1934 - news briefUP (New York - Dec. 18). (18 December 1934). New party founders to study Huey Long [regarding Philip Johnson and Alan Blackburn]. Dunkirk Evening Observer (Dunkirk, New York), p. 9. (Viewed 31 May 2024. S01145).
1934 - news briefUP (New York, Dec. 18). (18 December 1934). New party is formed; two artists launch "national" party with 100 members [regarding Alan Blackburn and Philip Johnson]. Wichita Eagle (Kansas), p. 7. (Viewed 30 May 2024. S01129).
1934 - news briefU. P. (New York - Dec. 18). (18 December 1934). New party is formed with just 2 members [regarding Alan Blackburn and Philip Johnson]. Buffalo Evening News (New York), p. 3. (Viewed 30 May 2024. S01131).
1934 - news briefUnited Press (New York, Dec. 18). (18 December 1934). Two political "adventurers’ form the "National" party [regarding Alan Blackburn and Philip Johnson]. The Binghampton Press (New York), p. 5. (Viewed 30 May 2024. S01128).
1934 - article(19 December 1934). Artists at politics [regarding Philip Johnson and Alan Blackburn aiming to build a political party]. The Sun (Baltimore, Maryland), p. 12. (Viewed 13 June 2024. S01334).
1934 - articleUP (New York, Dec. 18). (19 December 1934). Leading shirt-nation of world new title given United States [regarding Philip Johnson and Alan Blackburn]. Miami Beach Tribune (Florida), p. 6. (Viewed 12 June 2024. S01337).
1934 - articleU. P. (New York, Dec. 19). (19 December 1934). Gray Shirts organized by idle artists; new political group brings world shirt record to U. S. [regarding Philip Johnson and Alan Blackburn]. Marshall Evening Messenger (Marshall, Texas), p. 8. (Viewed 12 June 2024. S01338).
1934 - news briefU. P. (New York, Dec. 19). (19 December 1934). National party will be formed; leaders to study policy and personality of Huey Long [regarding Philip Johnson and Alan Blackburn]. Columbia Missourian (Columbia, Missouri), p. 4. (Viewed 22 June 2024. S01342).
1934 - articleWright, Theon [presumed sic] (United Press). (19 December 1934). Uncle Sam tops again— this time it’s shirts [regarding Philip Johnson and Alan Blackburn]. Long Beach Sun (Long Beach, California), p. 1. (Viewed 12 June 2024. S01336).
1934 - articleWright, Theron (United Press). (19 December 1934). Gray Shirts, apparently new shirt gang to end all shirt gangs, organized by artists [regarding Philip Johnson and Alan Blackburn]. The Great Falls Leader (Great Falls, Montana), p. 3. (Viewed 13 June 2024. S01335).
1934 - article mentionS. B. H. (20 December 1934). Every day in every way [a presumed recurring column, with mention of Philip Johnson and Alan Blackburn starting a new group / political party]. Intelligencer Journal (Lancaster, Pennsylvania), p. 10. (Viewed 22 June 2024. S01339).
1934 - articleUP (New York, Dec. 19). (20 December 1934). Gray shirts organized by idle artists; New political group brings world shirt record to U. S. [regarding Philip Johnson and Alan Blackburn]. The Marshall Morning News (Marshall, Texas), p. 8. (Viewed 22 June 2024. S01343).
1934 - articleU. P. (New York, Dec. 19). (20 December 1934). U. S. leads all shirt nations; Gray ones added to list of five others now flourishing [regarding Philip Johnson and Alan Blackburn]. The Morning Call (Paterson, New Jersey), p. 4.(Viewed 22 June 2024. S01344).
1934 - articleWright, Theon [presumed sic] (UP - New York, Dec. 20). (20 December 1934). Gray shirts form party; Members desire to set up a principality in Louisiana [regarding Philip Johnson and Alan Blackburn]. Norfolk Ledger-Dispatch (Virginia), p. 4. (Viewed 22 June 2024. S01340).
1934 - articleWright, Theon [presumed sic] (UP - New York, Dec. 20). (20 December 1934). Takes head as a shirt-nation; The gray shirt is the sixth and latest to be adopted in the United States [regarding Philip Johnson and Alan Blackburn]. The Reidsville Review (Reidsville, North Carolina), p. 12. (Viewed 22 June 2024. S01345).
1934 - articleWright, Theon [presumed sic] (United Press - New York, Dec. 19). (20 December 1934). Gray shirts make America no. 1 among shirt-nations [regarding Philip Johnson and Alan Blackburn]. Tampa Morning Tribune (Florida), p. 4. (Viewed 22 June 2024. S01346).
1934 - news briefAP (New York, Dec. 20). (21 December 1934). Two New York men to form new party [regarding Philip Johnson and Alan Blackburn]. Deadwood Pioneer-Times (Deadwood, South Dakota), unknown page number. (Viewed 22 June 2024. S01352).
1934 - photo / captionCP (Central Press). (21 December 1934). Caption: Quit art to knife Huey Long [with photo of Alan Blackburn and Philip Johnson] (above). The Daily Courier (Connellsville, Pennsylvania), p. 1. (Viewed 24 June 2024. S01348).
1934 - photo / captionCP (Central Press). (21 December 1934). Caption: Quit art to knife Huey Long [with photo of Alan Blackburn and Philip Johnson]. Marshall Evening Chronicle (Marshall, Michigan), p. 8. (Viewed 24 June 2024. S01351).
1934 - photo / captionCP (Central Press). (21 December 1934). Caption: Quit art to knife Huey Long [with photo of Alan Blackburn and Philip Johnson] (above). Troy Daily News (Troy, Ohio), p. 1. (Viewed 23 June 2024. S01355).
1934 - photo / captionUnknown photo agency. (21 December 1934). Caption: On trail of Huey Long [with photo of Alan Blackburn and Philip Johnson] (above). Evening Times (Vineland, New Jersey), p. 8. (Viewed 24 June 2024. S01350).
1934 - photo / captionUnknown photo agency. (21 December 1934). Caption: On trail of Huey Long [with photo of Alan Blackburn and Philip Johnson] (above). The Standard-Star (New Rochelle, New York), p. 30. (Viewed 24 June 2024. S01353).
1934 - photo / captionUnknown photo agency. (21 December 1934). Caption: On trail of Huey Long [with photo of Alan Blackburn and Philip Johnson] (above). The Sunbury Item (Sunbury, Pennsylvania), p. 1. (Viewed 24 June 2024. S01349).
1934 - articleWright, Theon [presumably sic] (UP - New York, Dec. 20). (21 December 1934). New clan in shirt tribe; Gray shirts plan study of Huey Long tactics [regarding Philip Johnson and Alan Blackburn]. Wichita Falls Record News (Wichita Falls, Texas), p. 11. (Viewed 22 June 2024. S01354).
1934 - photo / captionCentral Press. (22 December 1934). Caption: On trail of Huey Long [with photo of Alan Blackburn and Philip Johnson] (above). The Bath Daily Times (Bath, Maine), p. 1. (Viewed 26 June 2024. S01361).
1934 - photo / captionCP (Central Press). (22 December 1934). Caption: Quit art to knife Huey Long [with photo of Alan Blackburn and Philip Johnson] (above). Beaver Dam Daily Citizen (Beaver Dam, Wisconsin), p. 1. (Viewed 24 June 2024. S01356).
1934 - photo / captionCP (Central Press). (22 December 1934). Caption: Quit art to knife Huey Long [with photo of Alan Blackburn and Philip Johnson] (above). Carroll Daily Herald (Carroll, Iowa), p. 1. (Viewed 24 June 2024. S01357).
1934 - photo / captionCP (Central Press). (22 December 1934). Caption: Quit art to knife Huey Long [with photo of Alan Blackburn and Philip Johnson] (above). The Circleville Herald (Circleville, Ohio), p. 1. (Viewed 25 June 2024. S01358).
1934 - photo / captionCP (Central Press). (22 December 1934). Caption: Quit art to knife Huey Long [with photo of Alan Blackburn and Philip Johnson] (above). Fremont Messenger (Fremont, Ohio), p. 12. (Viewed 26 June 2024. S01360).
1934 - photo / captionUnknown photo agency. (22 December 1934). Caption: On trail of Huey Long [with photo of Alan Blackburn and Philip Johnson] (above). The Evening Times (Sayre, Pennsylvania), p. 1. (Viewed 25 June 2024. S01359).
1934 - photo / captionUnknown photo agency. (22 December 1934). Caption: On trail of Huey Long [with photo of Alan Blackburn and Philip Johnson] (above). Holyoke Daily Transcript and Telegram (Massachusetts), p. 13. (Viewed 26 June 2024. S01362).
1934 - photo / captionUnknown photo agency. (22 December 1934). Caption: On trial of Huey Long [with photo of Alan Blackburn and Philip Johnson] (above). Virginian-Pilot and Norfolk Landmark (Norfolk, Virginia), part IV, p. 8. (Viewed 25 June 2024. S01363).
1934 - photo / captionCP (Central Press). (23 December 1934). Caption: Out to get Kingfish’s scalp [with photo of Alan Blackburn and Philip Johnson] (above). Miami Beach Tribune (Florida), p. 15. (Viewed 25 June 2024. S01364).
1934 - photo / captionCP (Central Press). (23 December 1934). Caption: Quit art to knife Huey Long [with photo of Alan Blackburn and Philip Johnson] (above). Sunday News (Lancaster, Pennsylvania), p. 2. (Viewed 25 June 2024. S01365).
1934 - articleU. P. (New York, Dec. 22). (23 December 1934). Latest shirt sect to study long tactics; But the boys in gray don’t want Huey to join them [with photo of Alan Blackburn and Philip Johnson]. Democrat and Chronicle (Rochester, New York), p. 5A. (Viewed 26 June 2024. S01387).
1934 - photo / captionCP (Central Press). (24 December 1934). Caption: Quit art to knife Huey Long [with photo of Alan Blackburn and Philip Johnson] (above). The Daily Review (Clifton Forge, Virginia), p. 2. (Viewed 26 June 2024. S01367).
1934 - photo / captionCP (Central Press). (24 December 1934). Caption: Quit art to knife Huey Long [with photo of Alan Blackburn and Philip Johnson] (above). Mason City Globe-Gazette (Mason City, Iowa), presumably p. 11. (Viewed 26 June 2024. S01368).
1934 - article(New York, Dec. 23). (24 December 1934). Founders of new party off for appraisal of "Kingfish"; two Harvard grads resign New York posts to launch movement— objective vague [regarding Philip Johnson and Alan Blackburn]. Boston Globe, p. 2. (Viewed 6 July 2024. S01366). "... The visit to the Kingfish is to decide whether [Huey Long] is a demagogue or a great man, and whether, regardless of the verdict, his political methods and doctrines should be adopted by the Nationalists... both of them— left yesterday afternoon in a high-priced coupe.." (Excerpt from above.)
1934 - photo / captionUnknown photo agency. (24 December 1934). Caption: On trail of Huey Long [with photo of Alan Blackburn and Philip Johnson] (above). Pottstown Mercury (Pottstown, Pennsylvania), p. 9. (Viewed 24 June 2024. S01369).
1934 - photo / captionCentral Press. (25 December 1934). Caption: On trail of Huey Long [with photo of Alan Blackburn and Philip Johnson] (above). Great Falls Tribune (Great Falls, Montana), p. 10. (Viewed 24 June 2024. S01370).
1934 - photo / captionUnknown photo agency. (25 December 1934). Caption: On trail of Huey Long [with photo of Alan Blackburn and Philip Johnson] (above). The Morning Call (Paterson, New Jersey), Passaic and Clifton Section, unknown page number. (Viewed 24 June 2024. S01371).
1934 - photo / captionCentral Press. (26 December 1934). News of the world as told in pictures, (including) caption: On trail of Huey Long [with photo of Alan Blackburn and Philip Johnson] (above). Tyler Morning Telegragh (Tyler, Texas), p. 7. (Viewed 26 June 2024. S01373).
1934 - photo / captionCP (Central Press). (26 December 1934). Caption: Quit art to tackle Huey [with photo of Alan Blackburn and Philip Johnson] (above). Montana Standard (Butte, Montana), p. 1. (Viewed 24 Junr 2024. S01372).
1934 - photo / captionUnknown photo agency. (28 December 1934). The camera reveals outstanding happenings in Nassau and the nation; caption: On trail of Huey Long [with photo of Alan Blackburn and Philip Johnson] (above). The Nassau Daily Review (Nassau County, Long Island, New York), p. 20. (Viewed 6 July 2024. S01418.) 1934 - articleWright, Theon [presumably sic] (United Press - New York, Dec. 29). (30 December 1934). New "shirt" group gives U. S. lead among nations [regarding Alan Blackburn and Philip Johnson]. The San Bernardino Daily Sun (California), p. 17. (Viewed 26 June 2024. S01388). |
1935 - articleAP (New York) (Feb. 4). (5 February 1935). Huey has full support of National Party, two votes; both members strong for Long because he flashes and goes "boom!" Buffalo Courier Express (New York), p. 1 & p. 3, col. 2. (Viewed 8 December 2023. S00650). "... The National party, composed of Alan Blackburn and Philip Johnson... made its announcement after a ten-day visit to New Orleans... Blackburn[:]... ’We knew we were Long men as soon as we saw him...’ " (Excerpt from above.)
1935 - article mention - Blackburn(12 August 1935). Long’s wealth plan to be discussed [by Alan Blackburn, associate of Philip Johnson, at a public meeting of the Queens County Progressive Committee at American Legion Hall, Flushing-Hillcrest]. Long Island Daily Press (Jamaica, New York), p. 5, col. 1. (Viewed 8 December 2023. S00651). "... Two talking motion pictures, "State of the nation, 1935" and "I’m an American", will be presented. These were prepared by Blackburn." (Excerpt from above.)
|
Huey Long died on 10 September 1935, two days after being shot in an assassination attempt.
Sept 1935 context - in Nazi GermanyClick to see Sep 1935 - article - Nazi regime makes Nazi flag official flag of Germany(September 15, Berlin). (16 September 1935). Swastika to be national flag. Manchester Guardian (England), p. 9. (Viewed 9 September 2023. N00651).
Sep 1935 - article - Nuremberg laws against Jews[September 15, Berlin]. (16 September 1935). Herr Hitler’s declaration / The terms of the three laws. Manchester Guardian, p. 9. (Viewed 9 September 2023. N00651).
|
1935-40 - spotlighted bits from Schulze (1994)Schulze, Franz. (1994). Mentions of 1935-40 activity by Philip Johnson. In: Philip Johnson: Life and work, pp. 108, 119-43. Alfred A. Knopf. (Updated 28 June 2024. S00594; S01394). "... whatever his motivations, [Johnson] appears to have pulled back from close contact with Germany by the end of 1934. He did not return there until 1937... NOTE: Notice the huge amount of time with activity unknown at this juncture... also, notice in book sources that the only declassified US intelligence source is the FBI file and that little / no German intelligence is referred to, presumably not yet pulled, for example out of German Consul to Cleveland Karl Kapp’s office, nor anything from the UK... ... by mid-August of 1935... he returned with Blackburn to New London (Ohio)... In February of 1936, he and Blackburn made direct contact with Coughlin... [6 September 1936, rally for 80-100,000 in Chicago for Father Coughlin, Johnson designs pavilion and is presumably there.] ... [in summer 1937] Philip went abroad, back to Germany [including Berlin]... summer was nearly over, Philip, back in New London, took over the organization of the town’s Labor Day celebration... With the winter of 1937-1938 and his parents in Pinehurst, Philip returned to Cleveland... He threw a series of parties for the wealthy younger Cleveland set and took an actor from the Cleveland Playhouse as a lover... (Who were the people around him?) In November 1937, Blackburn got married and moved to New York... [In 1938] As soon as the weather was warm, he was en route to Germany... We know little more of his life in the fall and winter of 1938-1939, following his return to New York... [Travel in summer 1939 to London, Paris, Berlin, Poland, to Istanbul and back to Germany] [Traveled to the Polish front with Nazi German officials in September 1939. Back in the US in October.] "Credibly enough, the FBI dossier reports that he helped found the American Fellowship Forum in New York in the fall of 1939. The editor of Today’s Challenge, whom Philip befriended, was Friedrich Ernst Auhagen... eventually prosecuted by the U. S. government and convicted as a Nazi agent. A similar legal fate was in store for the assistant editor, George Sylvester Vierick... whose sedition trial, as we shall see, intruded upon Philip’s later personal life..." (Excerpts from above.) |
Left: cover of Social Justice, 10 August 1936; right: Alan Blackburn speaking at the National Union convention. Cover of The Sun (Baltimore) on 15 August 1936, with top left column about Coughlin convention, mentioning speaker Alan Blackburn. |
1936 - photo in article - Blackburn speaking at National Union conference, Cleveland(14-16 August 1936). Photo of Alan Blackburn speaking at National Union convention, Cleveland, in: (16 November 1936) Message of Youth to Nation given in new radio program. Social Justice, p. 10. (Viewed 1 July 2024. S01406; S01408).
1936 - spotlighted article mention, BlackburnMencken, H. L. (Cleveland, Aug. 14). (15 August 1936). Roosevelt competition takes edge off opening of Coughlin convention; rhetoricians give delegates eight grueling hours of speeches... Radio priest expounds lesson on economics [with mention of Alan Blackburn] (above). The Sun (Baltimore, Maryland), p. 1, col. 1. (Viewed 6 July 2024 S01430). "... The main speech of the morning was made by the Hon. Rush D. Holt, the boy Senator from West Virginia, but Father Coughlin also spoke, and so did the Hon. Martin L. Sweeney, the temporary chairman, and the Hon. Alan Blackburn, a young man from Harvard, who described himself as the representative of the embattled youth of the Republic..." (Excerpt from above.)
1936 - spotlighted possible radio broadcast - Blackburn, Johnson, Toledo(possibly 8 November 1936). Youth and the Nation broadcast, WSPD, Toledo, Ohio, presumably 1PM. (Viewed 1 July 2024. S01406).
1936 - article - Johnson, Blackburn, radio program(16 November 1936). Message of Youth to Nation given in new radio program [regarding Philip Johnson and Alan Blackburn, with photo of Blackburn at earlier Cleveland convention of the National Union, mid-August 1936, and presumable excerpt of transcript of Blackburn on the radio program]. Social Justice, p. 10. (Viewed 1 July 2024. S01406). "’Youth and the Nation’ was the title of a new radio broadcast which came over the airwaves last Sunday from station WSPD at Toledo, Ohio. It was announced as sponsored at full commercial rates by Philip Johnson and Alan Blackburn, ’two men desirous of presenting the youth’s viewpoint to the nation’ ..." (Excerpt from above.) 1936 - spotlighted article(14 December 1936). Youth, impatient with excuses, demands action and leadership [is an excerpt of a transcript of a speech on an undated broadcast for Blackburn and Johnson’s "Youth and the nation" program on WSPD, Toledo, Ohio]. Social Justice, p. 10. (Viewed 1 July 2024. S01407). |
1936 - other broadcastsSee the listings Note that the state of digitization of the Cleveland and Toledo papers is problematic, apart from The Cleveland Plain-Dealer. After presumed, eventual digitization, there may be possible radio program listings and additional articles shown via search. Also note that Lamster (2018) writes that the broadcasts extended for 13 weeks (ch. 7, second paragraph, Kindle version) but I can’t identify the source. 1936 - possible radio broadcast - Blackburn, Johnson, Toledo(possibly 15 November 1936). Youth and the Nation broadcast, WSPD at Toledo, Ohio, presumably 1PM. (Viewed 1 July 2024. S01406).
1936 - radio broadcast - Blackburn, Johnson, Toledo(possibly 22 November 1936). Youth and the Nation broadcast, WSPD at Toledo, Ohio, presumably 1PM.
1936 - radio broadcast - Blackburn, Johnson, Toledo(possibly 29 November 1936). Youth and the Nation broadcast, WSPD at Toledo, Ohio, presumably 1PM.
1936 - radio broadcast - Blackburn, Johnson, Toledo(possibly 6 December 1936). Youth and the Nation broadcast, WSPD at Toledo, Ohio, presumably 1PM.
1936 - radio broadcast - Blackburn, Johnson, Toledo(possibly 13 December 1936). Youth and the Nation broadcast, WSPD at Toledo, Ohio, presumably 1PM.
1936 - radio broadcast - Blackburn, Johnson, Toledo(possibly 20 December 1936). Youth and the Nation broadcast, WSPD at Toledo, Ohio, presumably 1PM.
1936 - radio broadcast - Blackburn, Johnson, Toledo(possibly 27 December 1936). Youth and the Nation broadcast, WSPD at Toledo, Ohio, presumably 1PM.
|
1937 - spotlighted article - Blackburn(22 March 1937). The spirit of the America is asleep; Only greater zeal can beat zeal of Reds; Radio address, unspecified date, by Alan Blackburn broadcast over station WSPD, Toledo, Ohio, under auspices of Youth and the Nation. Social Justice, p. 16. (Viewed 1 July 2024. S01405). 1937 - spotlighted article(22 March 1937). The spirit of the America is asleep; Youths unite after air talk, crave action [regarding Alan Blackburn and Philip Johnson]. Social Justice, p. 16. (Viewed 1 July 2024. S01405). "... Alan Blackburn and Philip Johnson began their series of broadcasts on November 8, 1936, over station WSPD in Toledo, Ohio. So much interest was aroused by their active campaign on the air that on January 10, in response to thousands of letters. Youth and the Nation held the first public meeting and formed an organization to bear the same name as the radio broadcasts... On February 14, the Youth and the Nation broadcast was mysteriously cut off the air for seven minutes when a power line leading to the transmission was ’broken’. Youth and the Nation has openly accused Communists of prepetrating this act of violence..." (Excerpt from above.) 1937 - spotlighted article - Blackburn, Dennis, Toledo(Toledo, Ohio, June 6). (7 June 1937). Probe of Toledo fascists demanded. Daily Worker (New York), p. 2. (Viewed 28 June 2024. S01396). "The Communist Party of this city calls upon all trade unions, liberal and progressive organizations to demand the investigation of an outright fascist organization which calls itself ’Youth and the Nation’... The statement of the Toledo Communist Party follows in part: ... For two consecutive Sundays, this Hitleristic gang of hoodlums, numbering between fifty and a hundred have demonstrated in front of the Workers’ Bookshop and the office of the Communist Pary at 214 Michigan Street. Their purpose, obviously, is to provoke trouble... ... ’Youth and the Nation’ definitely pursues the program of Fascism although they deny it. They brought Lawrence Dennis, an avowed fascist, to speak in Toledo. Alan Blackburn, one of the leaders of the leaders of the bald-headed youth of ’Youth and the Nation’, a would-be ’Fuehrer’ or ’Duce’, in his radio speech over WJR Detriot, has begun a vicious campaign of slander against the progressive trade union movement of America..." (Excerpts from above.)
|
1937 - other broadcastsSee the listings 1937 - radio broadcast - Blackburn, Johnson, Toledo(possibly 3 January 1937). Youth and the Nation broadcast, WSPD at Toledo, Ohio, presumably 1PM.
1937 - radio broadcast - Blackburn, Johnson, Toledo(possibly 10 January 1937). Youth and the Nation broadcast, WSPD at Toledo, Ohio, presumably 1PM.
1937 - radio broadcast - Blackburn, Johnson, Toledo(possibly 17 January 1937). Youth and the Nation broadcast, WSPD at Toledo, Ohio, presumably 1PM.
1937 - radio broadcast - Blackburn, Johnson, Toledo(possibly 24 January 1937). Youth and the Nation broadcast, WSPD at Toledo, Ohio, presumably 1PM.
1937 - radio broadcast - Blackburn, Johnson, Toledo(possibly 31 January 1937). Youth and the Nation broadcast, WSPD at Toledo, Ohio, presumably 1PM.
1937 - radio broadcast - Blackburn, Johnson, Toledo(possibly 7 February 1937). Youth and the Nation broadcast, WSPD at Toledo, Ohio, presumably 1PM.
1937 - radio broadcast - Blackburn, Johnson, Toledo(possibly 14 February 1937). Youth and the Nation broadcast, WSPD at Toledo, Ohio, presumably 1PM.
1937 - radio broadcast - Blackburn, Johnson, Toledo(possibly 21 February 1937). Youth and the Nation broadcast, WSPD at Toledo, Ohio, presumably 1PM.
1937 - radio broadcast - Blackburn, Johnson, Toledo(possibly 28 February 1937). Youth and the Nation broadcast, WSPD at Toledo, Ohio, presumably 1PM.
1937 - radio broadcast - Blackburn, Johnson, Toledo(possibly 7 March 1937). Youth and the Nation broadcast, WSPD at Toledo, Ohio, presumably 1PM.
1937 - radio broadcast - Blackburn, Johnson, Toledo(possibly 14 March 1937). Youth and the Nation broadcast, WSPD at Toledo, Ohio, presumably 1PM.
1937 - radio broadcast - Blackburn, Johnson, Toledo(possibly 21 March 1937). Youth and the Nation broadcast, WSPD at Toledo, Ohio, presumably 1PM.
1937 - radio broadcast - Blackburn, Johnson, Toledo(possibly 28 March 1937). Youth and the Nation broadcast, WSPD at Toledo, Ohio, presumably 1PM.
1937 - radio broadcast - Blackburn, Johnson, Toledo(possibly 4 April 1937). Youth and the Nation broadcast, WSPD at Toledo, Ohio, presumably 1PM.
1937 - radio broadcast - Blackburn, Johnson, Toledo(possibly 11 April 1937). Youth and the Nation broadcast, WSPD at Toledo, Ohio, presumably 1PM.
1937 - radio broadcast - Blackburn, Johnson, Toledo(possibly 18 April 1937). Youth and the Nation broadcast, WSPD at Toledo, Ohio, presumably 1PM.
1937 - radio broadcast - Blackburn, Johnson, Toledo(possibly 25 April 1937). Youth and the Nation broadcast, WSPD at Toledo, Ohio, presumably 1PM.
1937 - radio broadcast - Blackburn, Johnson, Toledo(possibly 2 May 1937). Youth and the Nation broadcast, WSPD at Toledo, Ohio, presumably 1PM.
1937 - radio broadcast - Blackburn, Johnson, Toledo(possibly 9 May 1937). Youth and the Nation broadcast, WSPD at Toledo, Ohio, presumably 1PM.
1937 - radio broadcast - Blackburn, Johnson, Toledo(possibly 16 May 1937). Youth and the Nation broadcast, WSPD at Toledo, Ohio, presumably 1PM.
1937 - radio broadcast - Blackburn, Johnson, Toledo(possibly 23 May 1937). Youth and the Nation broadcast, WSPD at Toledo, Ohio, presumably 1PM.
1937 - radio broadcast - Blackburn, Johnson, Toledo(possibly 30 May 1937). Youth and the Nation broadcast, WSPD at Toledo, Ohio, presumably 1PM.
1937 - radio broadcast(s) - Blackburn, Johnson, Toledo(possibly 6 June 1937 and later). Youth and the Nation broadcast, WSPD at Toledo, Ohio, presumably 1PM.
c. 1937 - possible radio broadcasts - Blackburn, Detroit(c. 1937). Possible radio broadcasts by Alan Blackburn, "Youth and the Nation", WJR, Detroit.
1938 - JOHNSON TIMELINESee the listings With the winter of 1937-1938 and his parents in Pinehurst, Philip returned to Cleveland... He threw a series of parties for the wealthy younger Cleveland set and took an actor from the Cleveland Playhouse as a lover... it sounds like he essentially burned out on Ohio, and with Blackburn married in November, Johnson felt his only place was New York. (See Schulze, 1994, p. 131, source likely was an interview of Johnson.) Johnson connected, or re-connected with Lawrence Dennis in the spring of 1938, where unknown or via letters. (See Schulze, 1994, pp. 132-33, source seems an interview of Johnson.) Johnson met with Ulrich von Gienanth, an official at the German Embassy in Washington [presumably in Washington] presumably for contacts in Germany, introduced by Lawrence Dennis. He apparently wanted to attend the Nazi party event in Nuremberg. (See Schulze, 1994, pp. 132-33, source seems an interview of Johnson.) [In 1938] As soon as the weather was warm, he was en route to Germany... and he attended the Nazi event in Nuremberg. (See Schulze, 1994, p. 132-33, source seems an interview of Johnson.) We know little more of his life in the fall and winter of 1938-1939, following his return to New York... (See Schulze, 1994, p. 132-33, source seems an interview of Johnson.) Schulze reviewed. As we see, very little in terms of contacts and activities put forth at this juncture. More in Lamster. |
Kristallnacht occurred in Germany on 9-10 November 1938. Where was Philip?
Listen to Father Coughlin’s chilling response to Kristallnacht, broadcast on his radio program [starts at 24:40], in which he blamed the Jews for it.
Filmmaker and actress Leni Riefenstahl arrived in New York from Germany days earlier, was in New York, Washington and Cleveland. An aspiring Nazi likely would want to meet her and like-minded people. Where was Philip?
1939 - spotlighted article - pro-Nazi article by JohnsonJohnson, Philip (Paris, France). (24 July 1939). Aliens reduce France to an ’English colony’. [SCAN through the pdf to see some shocking anti-Semitism.] Social Justice, p. 4. (Viewed 1 July 2024. S01403). "... Lack of leadership and direction in the State has let one group get control who always gain power in a nation’s time of weakness— the Jews..." (Excerpt from above.) 1939 - spotlighted article - pro-Nazi article by JohnsonJohnson, Philip (Danzig, Poland). (11 September 1939). Poland’s choice between war and Bolshevism is a ’deal’ with Germany. [SCAN through the pdf to see some shocking anti-Semitism.] Social Justice, p. 4. (Viewed 1 July 2024. S01402). 1939 - spotlighted article - pro-Nazi article by JohnsonJohnson, Philip. (6 November 1939). This "sitdown" war; Heavy engagements of the fortnight have been on economic and moral front. [SCAN through the pdf to see some shocking anti-Semitism.] Social Justice, p. 9. (Viewed 1 July 2024. S01404). "... Germany also talks peace, which is a good offensive among the neutrals of Europe. It only fails of its object in the British Empire and in her crown colony, the U. S. A. ..." (Excerpt from above.)
1939 - spotlighted article - pro-Nazi article by JohnsonJohnson, Philip. (6 November 1939). War and the press; Propagandists who fight with lies always lose when truth attacks. [SCAN through the pdf to see some shocking anti-Semitism.] Social Justice, p 12. (Viewed 1 July 2024. S01404). |
1940s |
The Duke of Saxe Coburg and Gotha, Queen Victoria’s grandson, Head of Red Cross, and ally to Hitler was touring the US in March / April 1940, with stops and various events in New York, Washington, and Cleveland. He stayed with decadent socialite Mrs. Lawrence Lanier-Winslow in Cleveland, pal of gay Cleveland Press columnist Winsor French. Where was Philip? 1940 - spotlighted FBI document(23 May 1940). Memorandum for Mr. E. A. Tamm [presumably Edgar Allen Tamm, (Special) Assistant to J. Edgar Hoover; regarding Philip Johnson; from A. Rosen], 2 pp. Federal Bureau of Investigation, United States Department of Justice, Washington, DC. [FBI file - Philip Johnson, document no. 100-32734-X]. (Viewed 4 July 2024. S01414). "... Victor Taylor, Attorney in the Anti-Trust Division, was referred to me from the Director’s office. He had with him one [REDACTED] who had some information concerning a Philip Johnson, who is alleged to be engaged in certain Nazi activities in New York City..." (Excerpt from above.) NOTE: This is WILDLY interesting, "in the Anti-Trust Division". That division focused on industry and a number of activities and investigations focused on industry regarding trading to elements in Nazi Germany. An unidentified informant put this forward to an attorney in this division. 1940 - spotlighted article mentionKramer, Dale. (1 June 1940). The American fascists [with mentions of Philip Johnson]. Harper’s Magazine, pp. 380-93. (29 May 2024. S00642). "... the fascist intellectuals, a small but relatively active band... Lawrence Dennis... Philip Johnson... Alan Blackburn... Huey Long... Father Coughlin... Just now Dennis and Johnson have rented office space from which they expect to publish a magazine in line with their views... Friedrich Auhagen... " (p. 391), (Excerpt from above.)
|
Anonymous Communication, Cleveland, Ohio. (1 June 1940). Letter to J. Edgar Hoover, FBI, Washington, DC. [FBI file - Philip Johnson, document no. 100-32734-X] (Online - archive.org). Referring to Lamster, I don’t see mention of any summer 1940 trip. The next step would be to pull Johnson’s travel record from ancestry.com for c. 1930-1942. When one looks critically, we don’t know where Johnson is exactly most of the time.
While Philip Johnson had a pro-Nazi track record and was still going, his later post-WWII art / design colleague Emily Hall Tremaine (previously Spreckels) was fighting back in California. Click the photo above to see the crazy media coverage of the "He’s a Nazi, no SHE is" divorce case reported all over America into the 1940 presidential election— and keep an eye out for her colleague, Jewish-American war hero, head of US Naval Intelligence for the southern California area, Ellis M. Zacharias.
1940 - spotlighted article mentionThompson, Dorothy. (23 October 1940). On the record; Dr. Auhagen [with mention of Philip Johnson]. New York Tribune, p. 23A. (Viewed 9 July 2024. S01420) "... Dr. Friedrich Ernst Auhagen, who was picked up by Federal agents on the West Coast as he was about to embark for Japan... He and his organization, "The American Fellowship Forum", have conducted the most subtle and intelligent campaign to influence and direct American public opinion and American policy... To this end it has organized branches in a number of cities. In April, according to its own literature, it was represented by branches in New York, Newark, Philadelphia, Springfield, Mass., Cleveland, Chicago, and La Salle, Ill. ... Dr. Auhagen’s leading braintrusters were Philip Johnson and Lawrence Dennis, both Harvard men and both brilliant... The American Fellowship Forum has published irregularly a small magazine called ’Today’s Challenge’. So far as I know, only three issues appeared. All contained articles by Dr. Auhagen, Mr. Johnson and Mr. Dennis..." (Excerpt from above.)
1940 - spotlighted article mention(21 November 1940). Text of Secretary Ickes’ Camden speech warning of fifth columnists [with mention of Philip Johnson and Lawrence Dennis]. Courier-Post (Camden, New Jersey), p. 4. (Viewed 28 June 2024. S00638). "... described as follows by Miss Dorothy Thompson: ’Dr. Auhagen’s leading brain-trusters were Philip Johnson and Lawrence Dennis, both Harvard men and both brilliant’ ..." (Excerpt from above.)
1940 - spotlighted article mention(22 November 1940). Dies agents; Will hunt spy data on Nazis, Reds; German Consul named in "white paper" [with mention of Philip Johnson]. Daily Boston Globe, pp. 1, 4. (Viewed 29 June 2024. S00639). "... Last night [Rudolf] Mangold, a former commander of the German War Veterans Association of that city, recently disbanded, told the Globe no meetings had been held in that area since last January, when 150 persons attended a mass meeting of the Forum at Turn-verein headquarters at which Dr. Frederic E. F. Auhagen of New York and a man named Philip Johnson were speakers..." (Excerpt from above.)
1940 - spotlighted article - related(Washington, Nov. 21). (22 November 1940). Dies agents making raids in eight cities; widespread roundup of evidence follows white paper on alien activity; German embassy silent on charges. New York Herald Tribune, pp. 1, 9. (Viewed 28 June 2024. S00640).
1940 - spotlighted article mentionAP (Springfield, Mass., Nov. 21). (22 November 1940). Ignorant of Forum’s ties [with mention of Auhagen and Philip Johnson]. New York Herald Tribune, p. 9. (Viewed 28 June 2024. S00640). "... The Dies committee reported that a branch of the American Fellowship Forum, organized by Dr. Frederic E. F. Auhagen of New York, to keep the United States from participating in the war, had been established in Springfield, and named Mr. Mangold and Otto Bumiller as directing an organization meeting. Mr. Mangold said he was introduced to Dr. Auhagen and a Philip Johnson when they came to address a mass meeting..." (Excerpt from above.)
1940 - spotlighted article mentionPearson, Drew and Allen, Robert S. (30 December 1940). Washington merry-go-round [with mention of Philip Johnson]. Wilmington Press (Wilmington, California), p. 8. (Viewed 26 June 2024. S013 "... [Secretary] Ickes charged that the two ’braintrusters’ behind Dr. Frederic Auhagen, smooth-talking chief of the Nazi-controlled Fellowship forum, were [Lawrence] Dennis and Philip Johnson, Harvard-school former aid of Father Coughlin..." (Excerpt from above.) |
1940 - other intelligence documentsSee the docs 1940 - FBI document(1 June 1940). Letter to J. Edgar Hoover, FBI, Washington, DC. [from Anonymous source, Cleveland, Ohio.] Federal Bureau of Investigation, United States Department of Justice, Washington, DC. (Spotlighted above). One-page letter, envelope and forwarding letter by Hoover to Special Agent in Charge in Cleveland. [FBI file - Philip Johnson, document nos. 100-32734-X; 100-32734-XI]. (Viewed 4 July 2024. S01415). "... When Germany conquered Norway [Johnson] jumped up and down saying, ’Hurrah, hurrah for the Nazis. We won’... [unconfirmed quote and source unspecified]... I just learned [from unspecified source] that he intends going to Germany around June 1st... " [Note: I’ve yet to see note or documentation that Johnson went to Germany in the summer of 1940]. (Excerpt from above.) 1940 - FBI documents, New York office(before 20 September 1940). New York files #65-2283; #65-3815; #65-3927; #62-6772 (presumably additional content than shown in linked document). In: (20 September 1940). Memorandum for the Special Agent in Charge [presumably New York, NY] from Claude Bass [presumably], Special Agent, New York, NY, re. Philip Johnson; Bruce Simmons, interior decorator, informant. 8 pp. Federal Bureau of Investigation, United States Department of Justice, Washington, DC. [FBI file - Philip Johnson, document no. 100-327-X2; another code CB; JPM 62-6772, New York FBI office]. (Viewed 5 July 2024. S01440; not yet reviewed). "... New York File #65-2283 states that PHILIP JOHNSON is a Social Justice writer, pro-Nazi and pro-Fascist. New York File #65-3815, bulk, sets out information by MISS MARIE MITCHELL that PHILIP JOHNSON is an artist connected with the Communist group. New York File #65-3927 sets out information by LIEUT. CARSELLA of the O.N.I. [Office of Naval Intelligence] to the effect that PHILIP JOHNSON is a Pro-Nazi suspected of being a spy... " (Excerpt from above.) 1940 - FBI document(20 September 1940). Memorandum for the Special Agent in Charge [presumably New York, NY] from Claude Bass [presumably], Special Agent, New York, NY, re. Philip Johnson; Bruce Simmons, interior decorator, informant. 8 pp. Federal Bureau of Investigation, United States Department of Justice, Washington, DC. [FBI file - Philip Johnson, document no. 100-327-X2; another code CB; JPM 62-6772, New York FBI office]. (Viewed 5 July 2024. S01440). > Among several things, Simmons states that Johnson is friends with Nelson Rockefeller and E. M. Warburg; that Johnson was applying for a post in the U. S. Naval Reserve; and Simmons is willing to spy on Johnson further if requested. 1940 - other articlesSee the articles 1940 - article mentionThompson, Dorothy (New York Tribune). (23 October 1940). Dr. Auhagen [with mention of Philip Johnson]. Daily Boston Globe, p. 14. (Viewed 26 June 2024. S00641).
1940 - article mentionThompson, Dorothy (New York Tribune). (23 October 1940). On the record; Dr. Auhagen [with mention of Philip Johnson]. The Globe and Mail (Toronto, ON, Canada). p. 6. (Viewed 9 July 2024. S01419).
1940 - article mentionThompson, Dorothy (New York Tribune). (23 October 1940). On the record; Dr. Auhagen [with mention of Philip Johnson]. The Washington Post, p. 11. (Viewed 9 July 2024. S01421)
1940 - article mentionThompson, Dorothy (New York Tribune). (24 October 1940). On the record; Dr. Auhagen [with mention of Philip Johnson]. Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, p. 8. (Viewed 9 July 2024. S01422)
1940 - article mentionThompson, Dorothy (New York Tribune). (25 October 1940). Subversive plot charged to Germans; Miss Thompson says Dies has been told about flagrant case [with mention of Philip Johnson]. Oakland Tribune (California), pp. 26, 27. (Viewed 26 June 2024. S01391). 1940 - article mentionThompson, Dorothy (New York Tribune). (26 October 1940). On the record: Dr. Auhagen [with mention of Philip Johnson]. The San Bernardino Daily Sun (California), p. 20. (Viewed 26 June 2024. S01390). 1940 - article mentionThompson, Dorothy (New York Tribune). (27 October 1940). Dr. Auhagen [with mention of Philip Johnson]. The Atlanta Constitution, Editorial and Magazine section, p. 8. (Viewed 9 July 2024. S01423).
1940 - article mention(Washington, November 27). (28 November 1940). 2000 espias rojos trabajan en las oficinas del gobierno [in English, "2000 red spies work in government offices"; with mention of Philip Johnson and Lawrence Dennis]. La opinión (Los Angeles, California), p. 5. (Viewed 29 June 2024. S00139 ). 1940 - article mentionPearson, Drew and Allen, Robert S. (30 December 1940). Washington merry-go-round [with mention of Philip Johnson]. Waterbury Democrat (Connecticut), p. 8. (Viewed 28 June 2024. S01395). 1940 - article mentionPearson, Drew and Allen, Robert S. (31 December 1940). Washington merry-go-round [with mention of Philip Johnson]. The San Bernardino Daily Sun (California), pp. 11, 19. (Viewed 26 June 2024. S01389). |
1940 - book mentionBritt, George. (1940). The fifth column is here [with mention of Philip Johnson’s pro-Nazi support and his associates Auhagen, Father Coughlin, Vierick and Lawrence Dennis as well as publications Social Justice and Today’s Challenge that Johnson published articles in]. Wilfred Funk, Inc.: New York. (Viewed 1 July 2024. S014 ). "... Social Justice has leaned toward Hitler with a warm partiality. When the war started and articles from Europe were needed, the magazine turned to Philip Johnson then traveling as the foreign correspondent for Today’s Challenge edited by the Nazi, Auhagen..." (Excerpt from above.) |
Breed, P. M., Boston, MA. (9 July 1941). Report: Philip Cortelyan Johnson. Internal Security, Federal Bureau of Investigation. [FBI file - Philip Johnson, document no. 100-32734-1]. (Online - archive.org).
Riddle, E. R., Boston, MA. (2 October 1941). Report: Philip Cortelyan Johnson. Internal Security, Federal Bureau of Investigation. [FBI file - Philip Johnson, document no. 100-32734-3]. (Online - archive.org).
1942 - article mentionFranken, Jerry. (27 April 1942). Heard and overheard [with mention of Philip Johnson]. PM Daily (New York, NY), p. 23. (Viewed 29 May 2024. S01122). "Pearson and Allen had a little news for Charles E. Coughlin last night (WJZ 6:30). Pearson: ’Catholic friends of Father Coughlin have discreetly sounded out the Dept. of Justice about dropping the case against him if he publicly admitted the error of his ways and promised to confine himself to church activities.’ Allen: ’But the Dept. of Justice is doing this; next week Father Coughlin himself is being summoned before the Grand Jury and will be cross-examined regarding two of his mysterious associates, Philip Johnson and Alan Blackburn." ..." (Excerpt from above.)
1942 - spotlighted article mentionStokes, Dillard. (12 May 1942). In Grand Jury’s hands; Biddle spikes rumor of plan to let Coughlin case slide [with mention of Philip Johnson]. Washington Post, pp. 1, 4. (Viewed 9 July 2024. S01433). "... Called to testify tomorrow are Dr. Walton Cole, BoBston [sic], and Philip Johnson and Edward Kinsky of New York. The New York men were described as former employes of Social Justice. Calling of these witnesses from the East suggested that the investigators are ready that the investigators are ready to move on from the operation in Royal Oak to its extensions in other cities." (Excerpt from above.)
|
Presumably Irwin, G. B., Cleveland, Ohio. (presumably 25 May 1942). Report: Philip Johnson. Internal Security, Federal Bureau of Investigation. [FBI file - Philip Johnson, document no. 100-32734-24]. (Online - archive.org).
1942 - PJ’s secretary speaks to FBI(19 September 1942). Ruth Merrill, regarding Philip Johnson, as reported by Kenneth M. Bierly in New York City. Character of case: Internal security. Federal Bureau of Investigation (NY file no. 100-6004 ITN). (Viewed 4 December 2023.) "Miss Ruth Merrill, Secretary to subject [Philip Johnson] from 1933 to 1934, stated that about 300 names appeared in list of subject’s Gray Shirts Organization although only about 15 to 20 persons actually attended Gray Shirt meetings. She recalls that JOHNSON wanted to be the ’Hitler’ in this country... " (Excerpt from above, p. 188, at archive.org.)
|
(9 January 1945). Letter: Loane J. Randall, Office of the Legal Attache, to Director, FBI re: Private Philip C. Johnson. [FBI file - Philip Johnson, document no. 100-3734-40]. (Online - archive.org).
1946 - spotlighted article mentionPearson, Drew. (25 October 1946). Drew Pearson [with mention of Philip Johnson’s pro-Nazi, pro-fascist support]. Daily News (Los Angeles), p. 40. (Viewed 8 December 2023. S00645). "... Rogge says: ’At one time Dennis, Palmer and Philip Johnson were contemplating some sort of publication of their own... ’ ..." (Excerpt from above.) |
1946 - other articlesSee the articles 1946 - article mentionPearson, Drew. (25 October 1946). Washington merry-go-round [with mention of Philip Johnson’s pro-Nazi, pro-fascist support]. Chico Record (Chico, California), p. 2. (Viewed 27 June 2024. S01393). 1946 - article mentionPearson, Drew. (25 October 1946). Washington merry-go-round [with mention of Philip Johnson’s pro-Nazi, pro-fascist support]. Press Democrat (Santa Rosa, California), presumably p. 14. (Viewed 8 December 2023. S00646). 1946 - article mentionPearson, Drew. (25 October 1946). Washington merry-go-round; Pearson reveals how Nazis used magazine [with mention of Philip Johnson’s pro-Nazi, pro-fascist support]. Tulare Advance Register (Tulare, California), p. 6. (Viewed 8 December 2023. S00647). 1946 - article mentionPearson, Drew. (25 October 1946). Washington merry-go-round; U. S. fooled by propaganda [with mention of Philip Johnson’s pro-Nazi, pro-fascist support]. San Bernardino Sun (California), presumably p. 28. (Viewed 8 December 2023. S00648). 1946 - article mentionPearson, Drew. (28 October 1946). Washington merry-go-round [with mention of Philip Johnson’s pro-Nazi, pro-fascist support]. McComb Enterprise-Journal (McComb, Mississippi), pp. 2, 6. (Viewed 28 June 2024. S01384).
1946 - article mentionPearson, Drew. (29 October 1946). Washington merry-go-round; How Nazis fooled some U. S. citizens; propaganda spread as war neared [with mention of Philip Johnson’s pro-Nazi, pro-fascist support]. Honolulu Star-Bulletin, p. 6. (Viewed 28 June 2024. S01383).
|
1946 - spotlighted book mentionHoke, Henry. (1946). It’s a secret [with mentions of Philip Johnson, pp. 29, 32, 121-22]. Reynal & Hitchcock: New York. (Viewed 3 July 2024. S01413). "The parade of characters questioned, investigated or consulted by the Federal Grand Juries investigating seditious activity in the United States... May 1 through May 14 [1942]: Philip Cortelyou Johnson... The parade continues after October 26, 1943: ... Philip Johnson; friend of Lawrence Dennis— traveled in Europe for Coughlin..." (pp. 17, 29, 32; apparently, at least at that time, grand jury transcripts were secret due to the content put forth at times being speculative). "... witness after witness filed into the Grand Jury room. Each of these witnesses in some way was connected with the Reverend Charles E. Coughlin... Philip Johnson, German ’foreign correspondent’ for Social Justice and disciple of the intellectual Fascist Lawrence Dennis... " [Interestingly, I don’t see Alan Blackburn mentioned. The footnote states that Johnson said he "dissociated himself from the pro-Fascist movement and that he was to be a witness for the government in the sedition trial..."] (pp. 121-22). (Excerpts from above.)
|
1960s | 1961 - book mentionsRogge, O. John. (1961). The Official German Report [with mention of Philip Johnson in relation to Lawrence Dennis], pp. 185, 346. Thomas Yoseloff, publisher. (Also search Lawrence Dennis.) (Viewed 9 December 2023. S00652). [Rogge:] "The book presents the material in my report of September 1946 to the Department of Justice..." (Excerpt from author’s note.) (Excerpt from above.) |
(11 April 1963). Special inquiry - White House, from W. V. Cleveland to Mr. Evans. United States Government Memorandum. (Online - archive.org).
(4 September 1964). Philip Cortelyou Johnson. Office of the Director, United States Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation, Washington, DC. (Online - archive.org).
1990s | 1993 - spotlighted news briefAssociated Press (New York). (5 May 1993). Architect goes public with private life [regarding Philip Johnson and mention of his Nazi past]. Boston Globe, presumably p. 75. (Viewed 24 July 2024. S01507). "With a biography due out next year, architect Philip Johnson is going public with some private matters— his homosexuality and his past as a disciple of Hitler-style fascism. ’Sex and Nazis can do quite well,’ the 86-year-old architect told the magazine Vanity Fair in an interview published in the June issue. He spoke in part to promote the biography by Franz Schulze... " (Excerpt from above.)
1993 - other articlesSee the articles 1993 - news brief mention(5 May 1993). Briefly... ["... Architect Philip Johnson tells Vanity Fair he once admired the Nazis and would have been tempted to do work for Hitler"]. USA Today, presumably p. 2D. (Viewed 23 July 2024. S01506).
1993 - article mentionLevins, Harry (compiled by). (6 May 1993). People [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. St. Louis Post-Dispatch (Missouri), p. 4A. (Viewed 24 July 2024. S01505). "... ’Sex and Nazis can do quite well,’ says architect PHILIP JOHNSON, 86. He’s hoping so, because his autobiography will talk about his homosexuality and his past as a fan of fascism..." (Excerpt from above.)
1993 - news briefLos Angeles Daily News (Los Angeles). (7 May 1993). Sex and Nazis is a selling point [regarding Philip Johnson and mention of his Nazi past]. The Vancouver Sun (BC, Canada), p. C6. (Viewed 24 July 2024. S01502). "In a preview of his first full-scale biography, the great modern architect Philip Johnson has gone public on his homosexuality and prewar sympathies for the Nazis..." (Excerpt from above.)
1993 - article mention(11 May 1993). No 150: Philip Johnson [with mention of his Nazi past]. The Guardian (London, England), p. A3. (Viewed 24 July 2024. S01501). "... Still in the news: First architect to tell Vanity Fair about his past as a gay Nazi..." (Excerpt from above.)
1993 - article mentionWarren, James. (13 May 1993). Designing man: Vanity Fair paints Philip Johnson as a better self-promoter than architect [with mention of Johnson’s Nazi past]. Chicago Tribune. p. C2. (Viewed 24 July 2024. S01500). "... America’s most prominent architect... is profiled by Kurt Andersen in an effort that gives great prominence to disclosures of his homosexuality and onetime Nazi sympathies found in an upcoming Johnson biography written by Chicago professor Franz Schulze..." (Excerpt from above.)
1993 - article mentionJulian, Robert and Outland, Orland. (20 May 1993). OutThere; the annals of queerdom [with mention of Philip Johnson and his Nazi past]. Bay Area Reporter (presumably San Francisco, CA), p. 34. (Viewed 9 July 2024. S01453). "... Speak of the devil: in June Vanity Fair, architectural chameleon of the 20th Century, Philip Johnson finally comes out of the closet at age 86. He not only acknowledges his lover of 33 years, David Whitney, but he also confesses his fascist past... " (Excerpt from above.) 1993 - news brief(15 June 1993). Designing Nazis [regarding Philip Johnson admitting he is gay and his Nazi support past]. The Advocate (gay newspaper) (Los Angeles), p. 17. (Viewed 24 July 2024. S01504).
1994 - spotlighted critical biographySchulze, Franz. (1994). Philip Johnson: Life and work. Alfred A. Knopf (Viewed 4 December 2023. S00594). "Philip, remembering the Potsdam rally at which he found himself transfixed by the Nazi spectacle and transported by the charisma of Hitler, saw a [national resurgence], an amazing restoration of confidence among the German people... " (Excerpt from above, p. 106.)
1994 - spotlighted book review mentionFreedman, Adele. (10 December 1994). Philip Johnson looms large in new books on architecture [with mention of Johnson’s pro-Nazi support]. The Globe and Mail (Toronto, Canada), p. C16. (Viewed 8 December 2023. S00630). "... Johnson’s foray into fascism in the thirties is also thoroughly explored, along with his success at living it down... [In 1929] Johnson attended his first Nazi rally, excited by the sight of ’all those blond boys in black leather,’ as he later put it... " (Excerpt from above.)
1994 - book review mentionGoldberger, Paul. (27 November 1994). The man in the glass house [review of Franz Schulze’s biography on Philip Johnson, with mention of Johnson’s pro-Nazi support]. New York Times. (Viewed 30 December 2023. S00854). "... The book deals at great length with the architect’s ghastly political escapades in the 1930’s, when he attempted to form a right-wing political party and flirted with the politics of Hitler, Huey Long and Father Coughlin..." (Excerpt from above.) 1995 - spotlighted book review mentionJulian, Robert. (5 January 1995). Nazi, queer, architect: The legacy of Philip Johnson [book review of Franze Schulze’s biography]. Bay Area Reporter (San Francisco area, gay newspaper), Arts & Entertainment section, presumably p. 29 & p. 34. (Viewed 30 July 2024. S01508). "... In his new biography of Johnson, the internationally renowned architect who is often referred to as ’the father of post-modernism,’ author Franz Schulze makes it clear that Johnson was only a Nazi sympathizer..." (Excerpt from above.) 1995 - other articlesSee the articles 1995 - book review mentionCampbell, Robert. (January 1995). The architect who couldn’t draw [book review of Franz Schulze’s biography, Philip Johnson: Life and work; with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi support]. The Atlantic Monthly (USA), pp. 104, 106-07. (Viewed 30 July 2024. S00634).
1995 - book review mentionTemko, Allan (Los Angeles Times). (8 January 1995). Throwing stones at the man in the Glass House [book review of Franz Schulze’s Philip Johnson: Life and work; with mention of Johnson’s Nazi past]. Hartford Courant, p. G3. (Viewed 30 July 2024. S00636). "... he embarked on a loathsome pro-Nazi excursion in politics..." (Excerpt from above.)
1995 - book review mentionKramer, Hilton. (September 1995). Philip Johnson’s brilliant career [book review of Franz Schulze’s biography on Philip Johnson; with detail of Johnson’s pro-Nazi past]. Commentary magazine. (Viewed 6 July 2024. S01442). "... There is no other way to put it: Johnson fell in love with the Nazi regime..." (Excerpt from above.) |
See photo of Philip Johnson at his 90th birthday party with... friends, a who’s who of the architectural world, in 1996. (Viewed 4 December 2023. S00591).
1996 - article - 90th birthday party (background context)Morris, Bob. (9 June 1996). Happy birthday, inevitably [about 90th birthday party for Philip Johnson at MoMA]. New York Times. (Viewed 4 December 2023. S00592). 1999 - article mentionCollins, Dan. (24 February 1999). Philip Johnson: Sky high at 92 [with mention of Johnson’s pro-Nazi past]. CBS News. (Viewed 10 August 2024. S01613). "... It’s an attitude that has sometimes gotten him in trouble. Most notably, his fascination with Hitler’s Nazi culture in the 1930s, something Johnson says he spent years apologizing for..." (Excerpt from above.) |
2000s | 2003 - spotlighted article mentionHughes, Robert. (1 Feb 2003). Of gods and monsters; In 1978 Robert Hughes interviewed Albert Speer, the architect of Hitler’s grim vision. But he mislaid the tape recording of their meeting and it was lost— until one day he decided to clear out his attic [with mention of Philip Johnson’s pro-Nazi past]. The Guardian (UK). (Viewed 10 August 2024. S01614). ’... Suppose a new Führer were to appear tomorrow. Perhaps he would need a State architect? You, Herr Speer, are too old for the job. Whom would you pick? "Well," Speer said with a half-smile, "I hope Philip Johnson will not mind if I mention his name. Johnson understands what the small man thinks of as grandeur. The fine materials, the size of the space." I did not think Johnson would come up again, but in fact he did. Speer was not kidding when he spoke of his liking for the AT&T Building in New York, and he really had liked the photograph we had run on the cover of Time magazine, showing Philip in his thick, black, round glasses holding the model of the AT&T Building, the architect in Le Corbusier drag, holding, like Moses, a gleaming white tablet of the (future, presumably) post-modernist law. "Oh, there is one thing," said Speer. Whatever you like, I said. "I wonder if you could take a small present to Philip Johnson." Why, of course, I would be delighted to...’ ..." (Excerpt from above.) 2005 - spotlighted obituaryKimball, Roger. (26 January 2005). Philip Johnson, 1906-2005 [with mention of Johnson’s pro-Nazi support]. The New Criterion. (Viewed 2 December 2023. S00558). "... Johnson’s craving for publicity has assured that the general outlines of his life are well known... Naval intelligence and the FBI put together extensive dossiers on Johnson’s activities, which, when he was drafted later in the war, prevented him from getting a number of preferred jobs. Still, all things considered, it is extraordinary how little Johnson’s political activities hindered his career..." (Excerpt from above.)
2005 - spotlighted article(28 January 2005). The architect who flirted with fascism; Philip Johnson, who died this week at the age of 98, might be acknowledged as one of the most influential architects of the 20th century, but he never quite lived down his reputation as a Nazi sympathizer. Deutsche Welle (Berlin, Germany). (Viewed 2 December 2023. S00564). "... ’We forgave, but we didn’t forget,’ Gehry was quoted Wednesday. ’He was so powerful a force for the good in our profession that it overwhelmed all negatives.’ ..." (Excerpt from above.)
2005 - spotlighted op-edStevens, Mark. (31 January 2005). Form follows fascism [with mention of Johnson’s pro-Nazi support]. New York Times. (Viewed 30 November 2023. S00540). "... As late as 1940, Mr. Johnson was defending Hitler to the American public. It seems that only an inquiry by the Federal Bureau of Investigation— and, presumably, the prospect of being labeled a traitor if America entered the war— led him to withdraw completely from politics. Philip Johnson now seems like an emblematic figure partly because he appears to have been happily, marvelous, provocatively, disturbingly hollow ..." (Excerpt from above.)
2005 - spotlighted articleApplebaum, Anne. (2 February 2005). "Remembering" Philip Johnson. Washington Post, p. A23. (Viewed 3 December 2023. S00581). "... We may think we believe any affilation with Nazism is wrong, but as a society, our actual definition of ’collaboration’ is in fact quite slippery. In the end, I suspect the explanation is simple: People whose gifts lie in esoteric fields get a pass that others don’t. Or, to put it differently, if you use crude language and wear a swastika, you’re a pariah. But if you make up a complex, witty persona, use irony and jokes to brush off hard questions, and construct an elaborate philosophy to obfuscate your past, then you’re an elder statesman, a trendsetter, a provocateur and— most tantalizingly— an enigma." (Excerpt from above.)
2005 - other articlesSee the articles 2005 - article mention(27 January 2005). Pre-eminent architect; Philip Johnson: 1906-2005; Johnson: Theories, practice altered course of U. S. design [with mention of his pro-Nazi past]. Atlanta Journal-Constitution, pp. F1, F3. (Viewed 6 July 2024. S01323). "... Even revelations of questionable political activities during the ’30s— he was involved with Huey Long and Father Coughlin and exhibited Nazi sympathies— didn’t do him much harm. His past didn’t even present a major commission in Israel..." (Excerpt from above.)
2005 - articleBurke, Heather. (27 January 2005). Obituaries; Philip Johnson; A titan of American architecture [with mention of Johnson’s pro-Nazi past]. National Post (Toronto, ON, Canada), p. AL9. (Viewed 6 July 2024. S01322). "... Fascism led Johnson from architecture to politics in the mid-1930s. He was impressed by Adolph Hitler’s improvement of the German economy and founded a political party [somewhat] based on the Nazis..." (Excerpt from above.)
2005 - article mentionCampbell, Robert. (27 January 2005). Obituaries; Philip Johnson, 98, ever-evolving dean of architects [with mention of Johnson’s Nazi past]. The Boston Globe, p. B11. (Viewed 9 July 2024. S01325). "... He attended a Nazi rally near Berlin, where he was enthralled by Adolf Hitler and— as he told a biographer long afterwards— ’all those blond boys in black leather’... " (Excerpt from above.)
2005 - articleForgey, Banjamin. (27 January 2005). An architect on many levels; Philip Johnson, blueprinter of change. Washington Post, p. C01. (Viewed 13 May 2024. S00582). "... Among the worst things that Johnson did was to accept a Nazi invitation to travel to the Polish front with the Wehrmacht in 1939 so that he could write a series of apologistic, anti-Semitic reports for one of Father Coughlin’s journals..." (Excerpt from above.)
2005 - articleHine, Thomas and Saffron, Inga. (27 January 2005). Trend-setting architect Philip Johnson dead at 98. Philadelphia Inquirer, pp. 1, 12. (Viewed 13 May 2024. S01101). "... Mr. Johnson was controversial not just for switching styles, but for his flirtation with fascist politics..." (Excerpt from above.)
2005 - article mention(28 January 2005). Philip Johnson; Authoritative elder statesman of US architecture whose designs moved from modernist minimalism to capitalist flamboyance [with mention of Johnson’s pro-Nazi support]. The Times (London). (Viewed 9 December 2023. S00653). "PHILIP JOHNSON was an unlikely figure to be the godfather of contemporary American architecture... was as famous for his high cultural disdain for the masses and his flirtation with Nazism as for the buildings that he designed... Occasionally the publicity could backfire, however: a 1993 BBC documentary showed Johnson sipping wine in the Four Seasons and talking of his political past to the loud accompaniment of an excerpt from Götterdämmerung..." (Excerpt from above.) 2005 - article mentionBurke, Heather (Washington Post). (28 January 2005). Dean of U. S. architects dies at age 98; obituary - Philip C. Johnson defined American modernism [with mention of Johnson’s Nazi past]. Vancouver Sun (Canada). (Viewed 9 July 2024. S01326).
2005 - article mentionFulford, Robert. (29 January 2005). An enemy of principles [regarding Philip Johnson’s death and mention of his Nazi past]. National Post (Toronto, ON, Canada), p. A22. (Viewed 9 July 2024. S01330). "... Philip Johnson fell for Nazi ideals, as well as blonde boys in leather... On Wednesday, The New York Times obit demonstrated how far forgiveness has gone with a misleading allusion to ’his brief involvement in right-wing politics’. Brief? Right-wing? It lasted eight years— and ’right-wing’ had nothing to do with it" (Excerpts from above.)
2005 - article mentionNilsen, Richard. (30 January 2005). Philip Johnson’s legacy: Architect was a champion of Postmodernist style [with mention of his previous pro-Nazi support]. Arizona Republic (Phoenix), p. E6. (Viewed 9 July 2024. S01331).
2005 - articleReisman, Phil. (30 January 2005). Synagogue’s design blends beauty, apology [with mention of Philip Johnson as the architect, and his Nazi past]. Journal News (presumaly White Plains, NY), pp. 1B, 2B. (Viewed 9 July 2024. S01374). "... The altruistic gesture seems a paradox, considering Johnson’s dalliance with fascism in the 1930s. He later regretted those extremist views. But more than merely renouncing them, he appeared to put his words into action. Philip Nobel, the architecture writer, noted that ’as if in penance, Johnson made occasional efforts to repair his name among Jews’ and that the free-of-charge design of the KTI synagogue was part of the rehabilitation campaign..." (Excerpt from above.)
2005 - articleNossiter, Adam (Associated Press - Baton Rouge, LA). (31 January 2005). Ambitious outsider found Long unwilling to be manipulated [about Philip Johnson, his recent death, his admiration for Huey Long and Adolph Hitler]. The News-Star (Monroe, Louisiana), p. 8A. (Viewed 9 May 2024. S01089). "... [Johnson] went on to make elaborate apology for his Hitlerian sympathies— and to design legions of landmarks that, in their cold grandiosity, for some critics recalled them nonetheless, to the day he died..." (Excerpt from above.)
2005 - articleNossiter, Adam (Associated Press - Baton Rouge, LA). (31 January 2005). Architectural icon meets the Kingfish in ’35 [about Philip Johnson, his recent death, his admiration for Huey Long and Adolph Hitler]. Daily World (Opelousas, Louisiana), p. 4A. (Viewed 9 May 2024. S01088).
2005 - articleNossiter, Adam (Associated Press - Baton Rouge, LA). (2 February 2005). Obscure Huey Long link extinguished [about Philip Johnson, his recent death, his admiration for Huey Long and Adolph Hitler]. The Daily Review (Morgan City, Louisiana), p. 4. (Viewed 3 December 2023. S00574).
2005 - articleApplebaum, Anne (Washington Post). (3 February 2005). Bricks bounce off the glass house [starting in the fourth paragraph, about Philip Johnson, his death, and his pro-Nazi support past]. The Commercial Appeal (Memphis, Tennessee), p. B6. (Viewed 3 December 2023. S00587).
2005 - articleApplebaum, Anne (Washington Post). (3 February 2005). Cultural sheen obscures fascist ways [starting in the fourth paragraph, about Philip Johnson, his death, and his pro-Nazi support past]. Valley News (West Lebanon, New Hampshire), p. A6. (Viewed 3 December 2023. S00575).
2005 - articleApplebaum, Anne (Washington Post). (3 February 2005). A prince, an architect and fascism’s escape [starting in the fourth paragraph, about Philip Johnson, his death, and his pro-Nazi support past]. Journal and Courier (Lafayette, Indiana), p. A5. (Viewed 3 December 2023. S00576).
2005 - articleApplebaum, Anne (Washington Post). (3 February 2005). "Remembering" Philip Johnson [starting in the fourth paragraph, about Philip Johnson, his death, and his pro-Nazi support past]. St. Petersburg Times (Florida), p. 11A. (Viewed 3 December 2023. S00577).
2005 - article mentionFriedman, Roberto. (3 February 2005). You’re our compensation; Readers, pols, models put out for Out There [with mention of Philip Johnson]. Bay Area Reporter (gay newspaper, San Francisco, CA), p. 26. (Viewed 9 May 2024. S01090). "... Oh, but there’s so much to throw tantrums over. Queer old coot architect Philip Johnson dies, his Nazi sympathies glossed over... " (Excerpt from above.) 2005 - editorial(4 February 2005). Toast [about the obituaries on Philip Johnson]. Richmond Times-Dispatch (Virginia), p. A14. (Viewed 3 December 2023. S00588). "... Most of the tributes either breezed by or failed to mention a telling aspect of Johnson’s life. During the Thirties he was a fascist— and not just of the garden-variety... " (Excerpt from above.)
2005 - articleApplebaum, Anne (Washington Post). (4 February 2005). "Remembering" Philip Johnson’s past [starting in the fourth paragraph, about Philip Johnson, his death, and his pro-Nazi support past]. Daily Hampshire Gazette (Northampton, Massachusetts), p. A6. (Viewed 3 December 2023. S00589).
2005 - articleApplebaum, Anne (Washington Post). (5 February 2005). Trendsetters get a pass on embracing fascism [starting in the fourth paragraph, about Philip Johnson, his death, and his pro-Nazi support past]. Tallahassee Democrat (Florida), p. 4E. (Viewed 3 December 2023. S00590).
2005 - articleFernández-Galiano, Luis. (5 March 2005). Philip Johnson, el maestro infiel [roughly "the unfaithful teacher" in Spanish; with mention of Johnson’s Nazi past]. El País (Madrid, Spain). (Viewed 26 October 2024. S01772).
2005 - letter to editorMoore, Steven M. (5 February 2005). The Observer forum: "Architect’s Nazism can’t be ignored" ["In response to ’Designs of his time’ (Jan. 29):..."]. The Charlotte Observer (North Carolina), p. 10A. (Viewed 5 December 2023. S00599).
2005 - articleApplebaum, Anne (Washington Post). (6 February 2005). The art of sympathies with the Nazis [starting in the fourth paragraph, about Philip Johnson, his death, and his pro-Nazi support past]. The News and Observer (Charlotte, North Carolina), p. 29A. (Viewed 5 December 2023. S00598). "... Asked in 1993, whether he would have built buildings for Adolph Hitler in 1936, he answered, ’Who’s to say? That would have tempted anyone’ ..." (Excerpt from above.)
2005 - articleApplebaum, Anne (Washington Post). (10 February 2005). Architect got a pass on fascist sympathies [starting in the fourth paragraph, about Philip Johnson, his death, and his pro-Nazi support past]. Richmond Times-Dispatch (Virginia), p. A15. (Viewed 5 December 2023. S00600).
2005 - article mentionHuxtable, Ada Louise. (10 February 2005). Philip Johnson: Short of attention span, long on aesthetics. Wall Street Journal, p. D10. (Viewed 9 May 2024. S00579). "Philip Johnson used to say that what he really wanted to be was "l’architecte du roi," the king’s architect. That was after his ideological fling with the Nazis (Hitler already had his architect, Albert Speer), and before he became the architect of choice of big business... ... His infatuation with Nazi Germany was excused publicly as youthful folly..." (Excerpt from above.)
2005 - article mentionCrosbie, Michael J. (13 February 2005). Style is never enough [about Philip Johnson, his death, and mention of his pro-Nazi support past]. Hartford Courant (Connecticut), p. C4. (Viewed 9 May 2024. S01091). "... In fact, the love of style over substance was at the heart of Johnson’s fascination with fascism. Johnson’s attraction to Nazism was more a romance than a flirtation, complete with several visits to Germany as the Nazis’ guest. Johnson reveled in the pornographic displays of power at a 1938 Nuremberg rally..." (Excerpt from above.)
2005 - article mentions(16 November 2005). On criticism (including interviews of Michael Sorkin; introductory paragraph: "[He took] Philip Johnson to task for his Nazi past..."; and Deyan Sudjic). The Architect’s Newspaper (New York). (Viewed 5 December 2023. S00601). Question: Have you ever regretted a piece you’ve written? Sudjic: I certainly regretted some headlines. By far the worst was for my obituary of Philip Johnson for which some bright spark came up with "A Nazi piece of work." There’s no going back from that one! ... "(Excerpt from above.) 2006 articlesSee the articles 2006 - obituary mention(30 April 2006). Obituaries: Philip Johnson (1906-2005) [with mention of Johnson’s Nazi past]. Arquitectura Viva (Madrid, Spain) (Spanish and English versions). (Viewed 14 August 2024. S01631). "... In his last years he spoke openly of his homosexuality and apologized for the Nazi sympathies of his youth..." (Excerpt from above.) 2006 - articleFernández-Galiano, Luis (El País). (30 April 2006). Philip Johnson, time out; After flirting with every style and becoming a public figure, the doyen of American architecture and culture guru passed away at the age of 98 [with mention of Johnson’s Nazi past]. Arquitectura Viva (Madrid, Spain) (Spanish and English versions). (Viewed 26 October 2024. S01771). "... Nevertheless he once again in mea culpa acknowledged the error of his totalitarian youth, attributing it in part to an erotic fascination with the Nazi aesthetic..." (Excerpt from above.) 2006 - articleWise, Michael Z. (20 October 2006). Deconstructing Philip [with mention of Johnson’s pro-Nazi support]. Forward website. (Viewed 2 December 2023. S00563). "When the synagogue that Philip Johnson designed free of charge to atone for his antisemitic past added a canopy over its entry two decades ago, the celebrated architect complained that the vinyl overhang was a blot on his creation... " (Excerpt from above.) 2006 - article mentionLeigh, Catesby. (4 December 2006). Philip Johnson [with mention of his pro-Nazi support]. Washington Examiner. (Viewed 7 December 2023. S00624). "... Schulze’s account of Johnson’s Nazi activities at the time of the German attack on Poland suggests that this egotist was rather too adept at insulating himself from unpleasant realities..." (Excerpt from above.) 2007 articlesSee the articles 2007 - article mentionEyman, Scott. (13 May 2007). A genius for detail; onetime "Vogue" and "Vanity Fair" editor Leo Lerman’s journals offer an inside look at artists and intellectuals of mid-century America [with mention of Johnson’s pro-Nazi support]. The Palm Beach Post (Florida), p. 4J. (Viewed 7 December 2023. S00554). "... Mostly, Lerman was a habitual enthusiast, but one of the few people he disliked was the architect Philip Johnson, whom he characterizes as ’mad’ about Israel— the war spirit, the military feeling. This is what made him so partial to the Nazis..." (Excerpt from above.)
2007 - article mentionRussell, James S. (Bloomberg News). (20 May 2007). Philip Johnson glass house opens to public; Architect embraced many differing styles over his career [with mention of Johnson’s pro-Nazi support]. The Morning Call (Allentown, PA), p. G9. (Viewed 7 December 2023. S00586). "... Johnson had spent the intervening time... writing approving dispatches from Nazi Germany early in World War II... " (Excerpt from above.)
2008 - article mentionCampbell, Robert. (17 February 2008). A clear modern vision; Philip Johnson’s house paves way for preservation [with mention of Johnson’s pro-Nazi past]. Boston Sunday Globe, Arts & Entertainment section, p. N7. (Viewed 7 July 2024. S01375). "... [Johnson] was, after all, a onetime Nazi sympathizer..." (Excerpt from above.)
|
2010s |
2011 articlesSee the articles 2011 - article mentionLamster, Mark. (9 June 2011). Philip Johnson’s synagogue problem [with mention of his pro-Nazi support]. Design Observer website. (Viewed 2 December 2023. S00565). "In the mid-1950s, Philip Johnson designed a synagogue for Kneses Tifereth Israel, a congregation in suburban Port Chester, New York. Johnson, in the 1930s and early 1940s, had been a proponent of Nazi Germany and a writer of anti-semitic tracts, so the job was presented as a kind of atonement, and completed without fee... " (Excerpt from above.) 2011 - article mentionStoelker, Tom. (6 December 2011). Glass House: New play explores fascistic Modernism [with mention of Johnson’s pro-Nazi support]. The Architect’s Newspaper. (Viewed 7 December 2023. S00623). "... In a not so subtle manner, the author equates Johnson’s well documented Nazi sympathies of his early years to modernism itself: ’When you have an extreme interest in how things should be to be beautiful, there’s an element of fascism to it, and that can transfer to a home when dishes need to be loaded properly.’ ..." (Excerpt from above.) 2012 - articleLamster, Mark. (29 February 2012). Philip Johnson (1906-2005) [with mention of Johnson’s pro-Nazi support]. Architectural Review (London). (Viewed 5 December 2023. S00602). "With Philip Johnson one can hardly speak of the term reputation in the singular; I know of no other architect who has had so many of them, or more contradictory ones... In his prodigal years of the 1930s, he hoped to apply that power not in the field of architecture, but politics. He left MoMA, in 1934, and became a tireless advocate for a series of loathsome right-wing figures, including Hitler..." (Excerpt from above.) 2012 articlesSee the articles 2012 - article mentionOliva, Candela. (12 December 2012). Life in a Glass House [with biography at end of article giving examples from Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. Metalocus (Madrid, Spain). (Viewed 12 October 2024. S01729). 2013 - article mentionWortman, Marc. (23 June 2013; updated 11 July 2017). The revolution of 1940: America’s fight over entering World War Two; Not since the Civil War had Americans voted in such a high-stakes presidential election as the unprecedented 1940 race. Marc Wortman on that tumultuous period [with mention of Philip Johnson]. The Daily Beast (New York). (Viewed 25 July 2024. S01551). 2014 - spotlighted article - with FBI report on Philip JohnsonNovak, Matt. (22 April 2014). One of America’s most famous architects was a Nazi propagandist [with embedded FBI file on Philip Johnson]. Paleofuture website. (2 December 2023. S00561).
2014 - spotlighted article - with FBI file on Philip JohnsonHeddaya, Mostafa. (22 April 2014). Philip Johnson’s pro-Nazi sympathies detailed in FBI file [with the FBI file embedded]. Hyperallergic website. (Viewed 2 December 2023. S00560). "... [the Paleofuture blog] obtained [the FBI file on Philip Johnson] via Freedom of Information Act request. The file, which comprises 171 pages of letters, memoranda, and other documents detailing the architect’s public and private life, reignites the discussion over his controversial Nazi sympathies at a time of intense public interest in the fate of some of his work..." (Excerpt from above.)
2014 - other articlesSee the articles 2014 - article mentionBarba, José Juan. (28 January 2014). Modern ruin: New York World’s Fair Pavilion by Philip Johnson [with biography at end of article giving examples from Johnson’s Nazi past]. Metalocus (Madrid, Spain). (Viewed 12 October 2024. S01730). 2014 - article mentionBarba, José Juan. (17 February 2014). The Glass House presents Fujiko Nakaya: Veil. Balance of opposites art installation; with biography at end of article giving examples from Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. Metalocus (Madrid, Spain). (Viewed 12 October 2024. S01731). 2014 - article - with FBI file on Philip JohnsonNovak, Matt. (22 April 2014). One of America’s most famous architects [Philip Johnson] was a Nazi propagandist [with embedded copy of presumably confirmed, declassified FBI report]. Gizmodo. (Viewed 30 November 2023. S00541). 2014 - preview news brief(22 April 2014). Philip Johnson was a Nazi propagandist [preview of: Novak, Matt. (22 April 2014). One of America’s most famous architects was a Nazi propagandist (with embedded FBI file on Philip Johnson). Paleofuture website]. Archinect website. (Viewed 10 July 2024. S01455). 2014 - articleBrussat, David. (23 April 2014). Philip Johnson’s Nazi decade [regarding public release of Johnson’s FBI report put online]. Architecture Here and There website. (Viewed 7 December 2023. S00622). "... Yes, the renowned Philip Johnson was— shhh!— a Nazi... Bringing it up is the most annoying sort of faux pas..." (Excerpt from above.) 2014 - articleShukert, Rachel. (23 April 2014). When a famous architect is also an anti-semite; I love Philip Johnson’s buildings not in spite of him, but to spite him [with mention of Johnson’s Nazi past]. Tablet magazine. (Viewed 10 July 2024. S01454). 2014 - article(24 April 2014). Morning news roundup [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. Architect magazine. (Viewed 27 July 2024. S01568). "... Number of the Day— 50: It has been 50 years since Philip Johnson’s New York State Pavilion opened for the World’s Fair... But not everyone has been celebrating, as Gizmodo published an article yesterday that connected Johnson with Nazi propaganda..." (Excerpt from above.) 2015 - article mentionSchwendener, Martha. (27 August 2015). Review: Elaine Lustig Cohen’s paintings move into Philip Johnson’s Glass House [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. New York Times. (Viewed 26 July 2024. S01569). "... [Johnson] published articles in right-wing magazines and attended Nazi rallies in Potsdam and Nuremberg before abandoning politics in 1940..." (Excerpt from above.) 2015 - other articlesSee the articles 2015 - article mentionSchwendener, Martha (New York Times News Service). (30 August 2015). Blurring the boundaries between art and design; Lustig Cohen works at Philip Johnson’s New Canaan estate [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past; general focus concerns Cohen’s art exhibition]. Record-Journal (Meriden, CT), p. C3. (Viewed 13 July 2024. S01377).
2015 - article mentionDuro, Alex. (17 July 2015). Side by side. Farnsworth house vs. Glass house display by Robin Hill [at the Four Seasons Restaurant, Seagrams Building, New York (22 June - 20 September 2015) with biography at end of article giving examples from Johnson’s Nazi past]. Metalocus (Madrid, Spain). (Viewed 12 October 2024. S01728).
2016 - spotlighted book mentionsWortman, Marc. (2016). 1941 Fighting the shadow war; A divided America in a world at war [with mentions of Philip Johnson and his pro-Nazi support throughout the book; photo of Johnson among others on the cover], pp. 409. Grove Press. (Viewed 3 December 2023. S00566). Chapter 2: A new world; America and Germany, 1939-1940 - "For Philip Johnson, following the German army as it wiped out the last resisters in Poland seemed like he was living within a dream... " (Excerpt from above.)
2016 - spotlighted book excerptWortman, Marc. (4 April 2016). Famed architect Philip Johnson’s hidden Nazi past [adapted excerpt of book]. Vanity Fair magazine. (Viewed 2 December 2023. S00556). "Philip Johnson was a pedigreed, witty charmer from Cleveland who became a fixture of Manhattan’s art world and social circuit. But before Johnson’s rise to fame as one of America’s most influential architects, he delighted in another rise— that of Hitler and the Third Reich. In his forthcoming book, 1941: Fighting the Shadow War, Marc Wortman explores the architect’s fascination with Nazism." (Excerpt from above.) 2016 - other articlesSee the articles 2016 - article mentionStephens, Suzanne. (1 January 2016). Partners in Design: Alfred H. Barr Jr. and Philip Johnson; Modernism’s backstory: A book and exhibition explore the collaboration that brought modernist architecture to America. Architectural Record. (Viewed 25 July 2024. S01563). "... The two collaborators [Barr and Johnson] eventually would go their own ways: Johnson, who was director of the first department of architecture and design in any museum, left that post in 1934 to pursue conservative political agendas in the U.S. and an inexplicable infatuation with Nazi Germany..." (Excerpt from above.) 2016 - article interview mentionMindell, Cindy. (14 April 2016). Conversation with Marc Wortman [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. Southern New England Jewish Ledger (New Haven, CT). (Viewed 27 July 2024. S01572). "... Q: In the book, you talk at length about journalist Philip Johnson, who would go on to become an acclaimed architect, and his admiration for Hitler. How did Johnson develop his political outlook and how did he overcome that stigma in his professional life? ..." (Excerpt from above.) 2016 - article(18 April 2016). A new book [by Marc Wortman] explains the architect Philip Johnson’s hidden Nazi past. Metalocus (Madrid, Spain). (Updated 16 August 2024. S01086; S01645). ’... The author claims Johnson took no issue with the Nazi’s treatment of Jews or creators of "degenerate art", even when he helped friends at the Bauhaus flee Germany is understand as "the apparent contradiction in their plight only as a momentary falling back in order to leap that much further ahead. "he saw the apparent contradiction in their plight only as a momentary falling back in order to leap that much further ahead." ...’ (Excerpt from above.) 2016 - articleMcKnight, Jenna. (18 April 2016). Architect Philip Johnson’s Nazi past detailed in new book. Dezeen. (Viewed 2 December 2023. S00559). "Pritzker Prize-winning architect Philip Johnson was an impassioned supporter of Nazism, in which he found a "new international ideal", according to a new book by American journalist Marc Wortman..." (Excerpt from above.) 2016 - preview news briefKorody, Nicholas. (19 April 2016). Philip Johnson, the fascist. Archinect. (Viewed 6 July 2024. S01443). 2016 - articleSisson, Patrick. (19 April 2016). Philip Johnson’s pro-fascist past revisited in new book. Curbed.com. (Viewed 5 December 2023. S00603). 2016 - book review mentionSnow, Richard. (20 April 2016). Bookshelf: A nation at war with itself [book review of Marc Wortman’s "1941: Fighting the Shadow War"; with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. Wall Street Journal (New York), p. A11. (Viewed 30 July 2024. S01543). "... Marc Wortman’s engrossing book opens on Sept. 18, 1939, with two American reporters driving through a shattered, corpse-strewn Polish countryside on their way back to Germany. They are surrounded by jubilant German troops heading home from a campaign that, although it would ignite World War II, has lasted only three weeks. The German Ministry of Propaganda put the two correspondents together. They ride in a silence that is anything but companionable. One is the journalist William Shirer, who is appalled by the swift victory. The other is Philip Johnson, today remembered as a beacon of modern architecture but then a rich young fascist sympathizer, acting as a kind of freelance reporter, who was delighted by everything he saw..." (Excerpt from above.)
2016 - book review mentionSnow, Richard (Wall Street Journal). (20 April 2016). Bookshelf: A nation at war with itself [book review of Marc Wortman’s "1941: Fighting the Shadow War"; with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. Dow Jones Institutional News (New York). (Viewed 30 July 2024. S01544).
2016 - blog essayBrussat, David. (21 April 2016). Fascism, modernism paired [with reporting regarding Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. Architecture Here and There blog (presumably in US). (Viewed 30 July 2024. S01586). 2016 - article mentionMcKnight, Jenna. (4 May 2016). Yayoi Kusama installs 1,300 floating steel balls at Philip Johnson’s Glass House estate [with mention of Johnson’s Nazi past]. dezeen website. (Viewed 12 October 2024. S01725). "... Johnson, whose association with Nazism is detailed in a new book, died at the house in 2005..." (Excerpt from above.) 2016 - article mentionEverett-Green, Robert. (30 May 2016). Dark secrets of modern art’s harbingers; The Montreal Museum of Fine Arts takes a look at two of New York’s early utilitarian missionaries, albeit sparing some details [regarding exhibition "Partners in design: Alfred H. Barr and Philip Johnson" with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. The Globe and Mail (Toronto, ON, Canada), p. L3. (Viewed 30 July 2024. S01541). "A more inquisitive show might have asked whether this useful idiot [Johnson], who received a Nazi tour of the Polish front in 1939, may have intuited that radical prescriptive architecture and radical prescriptive politics vibrated to a similar intolerant frequency..." (Excerpt from above.)
2016 - article mentionLamas, Alvaro. (18 July 2016). Do you want to have a piece from Philip Johnson’s Four Seasons? [With biography at end of article giving examples from Johnson’s Nazi past]. Metalocus (Madrid, Spain). (Viewed 12 October 2024. S01726). 2016 - article mentionBudds, Diana. (23 June 2016). The dark side of your design heroes [with two paragraphs on Philip Johnson and his pre-WWII support for fascism and Nazism, with photo of Johnson]. Fast Company. (Viewed 6 July 2024. S01448). "... Johnson was also a Nazi propagandist. Novak— who clearly has a nose for the seedier side of design history— reported (also for Gizmodo) about how the late architect founded fascist organizations, wrote numerous articles for far-right publications, and even traveled with the Nazis through Poland. ’You simply could not fail to be caught up in the excitement of it,’ Johnson once said...." (Excerpt from above.) 2016 - article / book review mentionMoore, Rowan. (24 July 2016). Architecture’s odd couple: Frank Lloyd Wright and Philip Johnson— review; they were rivals who shaped American architecture, but to call them an "odd couple" overstates their relationship. The Guardian (London). (Viewed 13 July 2024. S01469). "... They both had unfortunate sympathies for Nazi Germany, Johnson more than Wright..." (Excerpt from above.) 2016 - book review mentionBayley, Stephen. (20 August 2016). The original and the copyist; Hugh Howard’s joint biography calls them Architecture’s Odd Couple. But the world-class genius and the fashionable copyist never really had much to do with one another [book review, about Frank Lloyd Wright and Philip Johnson, with mention of Johnson’s Nazi support]. Spectator magazine (London, England). (Viewed 30 July 2024. S01540). "... Between Johnson and Wright there were also marked contrasts. Johnson, the younger man, was rich, gay, Harvard, metropolitan, squeaky-clean, sleek and not much fussed by principles of any sort. In Germany before the war he had camply noted that the Wehrmacht’s ‘green uniforms make the place look gay and happy’. His schmoozing the Nazis led to a cameo role in CBS reporter William L. Shirer’s Berlin Diary (1941) which became notorious..." (Excerpt from above.) 2016 - articleHurowitz, Richard. (26 September 2016). Don’t forget Philip Johnson’s Nazi past; In 1932, as a rising star at the Museum of Modern Art, Johnson attended a Hitler Youth rally at Potsdam. Jerusalem Post. (Viewed 2 December 2023. S00562). 2016 - articleOfgang, Erik. (28 November 2016). The hidden Nazi past of famed architect Philip Johnson. CT Insider news website (Connecticut). (Viewed 14 December 2023. S00711). "... ’He was a fervent and committed Nazi and very possibly a German agent working in the United States on behalf of the fascist government of Germany,’ says Marc Wortman, the New Haven-based author of 1941: Fighting the shadow war— A divided America in a world at war..." (Excerpt from above.) 2016 - articleOfgang, Erik. (28 November 2016). The hidden Nazi past of famed architect Philip Johnson. Connecticut Post (Bridgeport, CT). (Viewed 14 December 2023. S00710). 2016 - articleOfgang, Erik. (28 November 2016). The hidden Nazi past of famed architect Philip Johnson. Greenwich Time newspaper (Greenwich, CT). (Viewed 14 December 2023. S00712). 2016 - articleOfgang, Erik. (28 November 2016). The hidden Nazi past of famed architect Philip Johnson. The Hour newspaper (Norwalk, CT). (Viewed 22 December 2023. S00713). 2016 - articleOfgang, Erik. (28 November 2016). The hidden Nazi past of famed architect Philip Johnson. Middletown Press (Middletown, CT). (Viewed 22 December 2023. S00827). 2016 - articleOfgang, Erik. (28 November 2016). The hidden Nazi past of famed architect Philip Johnson. The Milford Mirror (Milford, CT). (Viewed 22 December 2023. S00828). 2016 - articleOfgang, Erik. (28 November 2016). The hidden Nazi past of famed architect Philip Johnson. The New Canaan Advertiser (New Canaan, CT). (Viewed 22 December 2023. S00829). 2016 - articleOfgang, Erik. (28 November 2016). The hidden Nazi past of famed architect Philip Johnson. New Haven Register (New Haven, CT). (Viewed 22 December 2023. S00830). 2016 - articleOfgang, Erik. (28 November 2016). The hidden Nazi past of famed architect Philip Johnson. The News-Times (Danbury, CT). (Viewed 22 December 2023. S00831). 2016 - articleOfgang, Erik. (28 November 2016). The hidden Nazi past of famed architect Philip Johnson. The Register Citizen (Torrington, CT). (Viewed 22 December 2023. S00832). 2016 - articleOfgang, Erik. (28 November 2016). The hidden Nazi past of famed architect Philip Johnson. The Ridgefield Press (Ridgefield, CT). (Viewed 22 December 2023. S00833). 2016 - articleOfgang, Erik. (28 November 2016). The hidden Nazi past of famed architect Philip Johnson. Shelton Herald (Shelton, CT). (Viewed 22 December 2023. S00834). 2016 - articleOfgang, Erik. (28 November 2016). The hidden Nazi past of famed architect Philip Johnson. Stamford Advocate (Stamford, CT). (Viewed 22 December 2023. S00835). 2016 - articleOfgang, Erik. (28 November 2016). The hidden Nazi past of famed architect Philip Johnson. Trumbull Times (Trumbull, CT). (Viewed 22 December 2023. S00836). 2016 - articleOfgang, Erik. (28 November 2016). The hidden Nazi past of famed architect Philip Johnson. Wilton Bulletin (Wilton, CT). (Viewed 22 December 2023. S00837). 2016 - article mentionBarba, José Juan and Pérez, Branly Ernesto. (22 December 2016). Desmaterialization of the wall: The Glass House [with biography at end of article giving examples from Johnson’s Nazi past]. Metalocus (Madrid, Spain). (Viewed 12 October 2024. S01727). 2017 articlesSee the articles 2017 - article mentionLalueta, Inés. (18 April 2017). Philip Johnson’s Booth House looking for new owners [with biography at end of article giving examples from Johnson’s Nazi past]. Metalocus (Madrid, Spain). (Viewed 12 October 2024. S01732). 2017 - article mentionCahill, Frank and Harrington, Cleo. (2 March 2017). If only we could see it: Philip Johnson’s mystery house [with mention of Johnson’s pro-Nazi past]. The Harvard Crimson (Cambridge, Massachusetts). (Viewed 25 July 2024. S01570). "... During the 1930s, he grew fascinated with Nazism, but hid his far-right proclivities from the public. He helped secure American residence for several German architects during the war, but later recanted his Fascist sympathies..." (Excerpt from above.) 2017 - article mentionTortolano, Jim. (14 April 2017). The glass houses of Philip Johnson [with mention of Johnson’s pro-Nazi support]. Orange County Tribune (California). (Viewed 6 December 2023. S00620). "... His work carried him to Nazi Germany, where he watched, with approval, a large rally in Nuremberg where Hitler was the chief speaker. In 1939, he went into Germany for the invasion of Poland... " (Excerpt from above.) 2017 - article mention(8 July 2017). 9 lesser known facts you definitely need to know about this icon of modern architecture; On the 111th birth anniversary of Philip Johnson, we uncover surprising details of the first ever Pritzker Prize awardee [with mention of Johnson’s Nazi past: "5. SYMPATHETIC TO THE NAZI CAUSE... 6. INVESTIGATED BY THE FBI"]. Architectural Digest (India). (Viewed 14 August 2024. S01542). 2017 - article mentionSayer, Jason. (11 August 2017). FBI files, a missing MoMA house, and the life of modernist architect Gregory Ain [with mention of Johnson’s pro-Nazi support]. The Architect’s Newspaper (New York). (Viewed 6 December 2023. S00621). ".. In 1950, Philip Johnson, who the F.B.I. was also monitoring due to his supposed connections to the Nazi Party... " (Excerpt from above.) 2017 - article mentionDenny, Phillip R. (12 August 2017). The architect, the red scare and the house that disappeared [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. New York Times. (Viewed 30 July 2024. S01539). "... The two men [Philip Johnson and Gregory Ain] may not have known each other, but both were the subjects of F. B. I. surveillance. (The F. B. I. opened a file on Johnson in 1941, in response to reports of his contacts with Nazi Party members. At the time, he was studying under the Bauhaus founder Walter Gropius at Harvard.) (Excerpt from above.)
2017 - article mentionBarba, José Juan. (15 October 2017). Julian Schnabel walking at The Glass House [film with biography at end of article giving examples from Johnson’s Nazi past]. Metalocus (Madrid, Spain). (Viewed 12 October 2024. S01733).
2018 - biographyLamster, Mark. (2018). The man in the glass house: Philip Johnson, architect of the Modern century. Little, Brown and Company. (Viewed 30 November 2023).
2018 - spotlighted interview of biographer Mark LamsterFixsen, Anna. (3 December 2018). The power and paradox of Philip Johnson [interview of Mark Lamster regarding his biography The Man in the Glass House: Philip Johnson, Architect of the Modern Century]. Metropolis. (Viewed 31 May 2024. S01134). [Fixsen:] ... Do you think he fully believed it? [Lamster:] Oh, he fully believed it. It wasn’t play. Afterwards he would try and justify it as a sort of youthful indiscretion and a homoerotic affectation. But he was invested. He was invested in the actual eugenic theory, anti-Semitism. He was all-in for the complete bag of Nazi awfulness. This was not an aesthetic attraction, it was a full-bore intellectual agreement..." (Excerpt from above.) 2018 - spotlighted interview of Johnson biographer Mark LamsterPedersen, Martin C. (24 October 2018). Mark Lamster on his new biography of Philip Johnson [largely regarding his pro-Nazi support]. Common Edge website. (Viewed 30 November 2023. S00545). Pedersen: "What’s amazing is, Johnson somehow moves past that. Talk about his ability to completely reinvent himself, from probable Nazi spy to the dean of American architecture. It’s just mind boggling." Lamster: "It is. But he had powerful friends. He had friends who always cared about him. He was smart and opportunistic. And in the post-war years, people didn’t really want to talk about that past. They wanted to move on." (Excerpt from above.) 2018 - spotlighted book reviewLenfield, Spencer Lee. (November - December 2018). The devil and Philip Johnson; A "star-chitect" as P. T. Barnum [review of Mark Lamster’s book The man in the glass house (2018)]. Harvard Magazine. (Viewed 19 December 2023. S01475). "... There are two schools of thought on Johnson’s dalliances with the Nazis... One holds that these mistakes pollute everything he ever did or touched, and that Johnson never fully repented; the other, that his merits as designer and architect can be separated from his youthful errors, and his gestures of contrition in later years... ... Influence acknowledged, the further question is whether that influence on architecture was for good or for ill— and whether the history of Johnson’s political beliefs affects that question... ... If we accept that Johnson was an enthusiastic fascist in the 1930s, how should we look at his buildings? ..." (Excerpt from above.) 2018 - other articlesSee the articles 2018 - article mentionBarba, José Juan. (13 January 2018). New album by Alva Noto & Ryuichi Sakamoto in Febreuary [sic] [sited at Philip Johnson’s Glass House; with biography at end of article giving examples from Johnson’s Nazi past]. Metalocus (Madrid, Spain). (Viewed 12 October 2024. S01734). 2018 - article mentionKahn, Robert. (31 January 2018). Op-ed: Johnson’s AT&T building is influential— but is it good? [With mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. Architectural Record. (Viewed 13 July 2024. S0146 ). "... other than its Neoclassicism that, unfortunately, serves as a reminder that Johnson was, for years, an enthusiastic Nazi propagandist..." (Excerpt from above.) 2018 - letter to the editorChrostowski, Ed. (5 April 2018). Letter: Philip Johnson was an architect and activist [with mention of his pro-Nazi support]. The Ridgefield Press (Ridgefield, CT). (Viewed 6 December 2023. S00615). "... None of this, however, obviates his abominable behavior in the years leading to World War II and the Holocaust, when he was an enthusiastic cheerleader for Adolf Hitler and an active supporter of Nazi bigotry and ’master race’ supremacy. Nor does it excuse his failure to apologize and recant after the war..." (Excerpt from above.) 2018 - letter to the editorChrostowski, Ed (via Ridgefield Press). (5 April 2018). Letter: Philip Johnson was an architect and activist [with mention of his pro-Nazi support]. Connecticut Post (Bridgeport, CT). (Viewed 5 December 2023. S00605). 2018 - letter to the editorChrostowski, Ed (via Ridgefield Press). (5 April 2018). Letter: Philip Johnson was an architect and activist [with mention of his pro-Nazi support]. Greenwich Time newspaper (Greenwich, CT). (Viewed 5 December 2023. S00606). 2018 - letter to the editorChrostowski, Ed (via Ridgefield Press). (5 April 2018). Letter: Philip Johnson was an architect and activist [with mention of his pro-Nazi support]. The Hour newspaper (Norwalk, CT). (Viewed 5 December 2023. S00607). 2018 - letter to the editorChrostowski, Ed (via Ridgefield Press). (5 April 2018). Letter: Philip Johnson was an architect and activist [with mention of his pro-Nazi support]. Middletown Press (Middletown, CT). (Viewed 5 December 2023. S00608). 2018 - letter to the editorChrostowski, Ed (via Ridgefield Press). (5 April 2018). Letter: Philip Johnson was an architect and activist [with mention of his pro-Nazi support]. The Milford Mirror (Milford, CT). (Viewed 5 December 2023. S00609). 2018 - letter to the editorChrostowski, Ed (via Ridgefield Press). (5 April 2018). Letter: Philip Johnson was an architect and activist [with mention of his pro-Nazi support]. The New Canaan Advertiser (New Canaan, CT). (Viewed 5 December 2023. S00610). 2018 - letter to the editorChrostowski, Ed (via Ridgefield Press). (5 April 2018). Letter: Philip Johnson was an architect and activist [with mention of his pro-Nazi support]. New Haven Register (New Haven, CT). (Viewed 5 December 2023. S00611). 2018 - letter to the editorChrostowski, Ed (via Ridgefield Press). (5 April 2018). Letter: Philip Johnson was an architect and activist [with mention of his pro-Nazi support]. News-Times (Danbury, Connecticut). (Viewed 5 December 2023. S00604). 2018 - letter to the editorChrostowski, Ed (via Ridgefield Press). (5 April 2018). Letter: Philip Johnson was an architect and activist [with mention of his pro-Nazi support]. The Register Citizen (Torrington, CT). (Viewed 6 December 2023. S00614). 2018 - letter to the editorChrostowski, Ed (via Ridgefield Press). (5 April 2018). Letter: Philip Johnson was an architect and activist [with mention of his pro-Nazi support]. Shelton Herald (Shelton, CT). (Viewed 6 December 2023. S00616). 2018 - letter to the editorChrostowski, Ed (via Ridgefield Press). (5 April 2018). Letter: Philip Johnson was an architect and activist [with mention of his pro-Nazi support]. Stamford Advocate (Stamford, CT). (Viewed 6 December 2023. S00617). 2018 - letter to the editorChrostowski, Ed (via Ridgefield Press). (5 April 2018). Letter: Philip Johnson was an architect and activist [with mention of his pro-Nazi support]. Trumbull Times (Trumbull, CT). (Viewed 6 December 2023. S00618). 2018 - letter to the editorChrostowski, Ed (via Ridgefield Press). (5 April 2018). Letter: Philip Johnson was an architect and activist [with mention of his pro-Nazi support]. Wilton Bulletin (Wilton, CT). (Viewed 6 December 2023. S00619). 2018 - article mentionMorris, Susan. (8 June 2018). Gerard & Kelly: CLOCKWORK at Pioneer Works [art exhibition; with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. Architect’s Newspaper. (Viewed 13 July 2024. S01471). "... The centerpiece of the exhibition Gerard & Kelly: CLOCKWORK is a 35-minute film called Schindler / Glass (2017) depicting performances at the Philip Johnson Glass House (1949) in New Canaan, CT and the Rudolph Schindler House (1921) in West Hollywood, CA. Private (2018), is a sculptural object outlining the Glass House’s layout that features a page from Franz Schulze’s biography of Johnson, sandwiched in sandblasted glass. It quotes a Lincoln Kirstein letter acknowledging Johnson’s Nazi sympathies and later remorse..." (Excerpt from above.) 2018 - article mentionSebastián, Pablo. (1 July 2018). Blanchette Hooker Rockefeller Guest House by Philip Johnson New York City [with biography at end of article giving examples from Johnson’s Nazi past]. Metalocus (Madrid, Spain). (Viewed 12 October 2024. S01739). 2018 - article mentionHerman, Charlie. (20 July 2018). The personal side of Philip Johnson at the Glass House [regarding "Personal effects" exhibition at Johnson’s Glass House; with mention of Johnson’s Nazi past]. WYNC news (radio) (New York, NY). (Viewed 13 July 2024. S01470). "... his embrace of fascism and Nazism in his 20’s and 30’s, which he repudiated later in life, further complicates his legacy..." (Excerpt from above.) 2018 - article mentionMorley, Jack Balderrama. (16 August 2018). White supremacists are haunting traditionalist architecture Twitter accounts [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. Architect’s Newspaper. (Viewed 13 July 2024. S01472). "... Philip Johnson was famously a Nazi sympathizer, despite being openly gay, something that would have gotten him sent to a concentration camp in Hitler’s Germany..." (Excerpt from above.) 2018 - book mention(22 October 2018). The man in the Glass House: Philip Johnson, architect of the Modern Century, Little Brown and Company, Mark Lamster [with mention of Johnson’s pro-Nazi past]. Publishers Weekly (New York), (web exclusive). (Viewed 26 July 2024. S01536). "... [Johnson] traveled to Germany in the 1930s (where he was in awe of Adolf Hitler and developed "a continued fascination with the dictator’s Nazi party") ..." (Excerpt from above.)
2018 - article mentionSimek, Peter. (28 October 2018). The builder of glass cities [with mention of Johnson’s Nazi past]. D Magazine (Dallas, Texas), pp. 62-63, 65-66, 68-69. (Viewed 31 July 2024. S01534). "... During the 1930s, Johnson spent his time hobnobbing with Nazi officials before chasing Louisiana Gov. Huey Long around that state in hopes of winning power and influence by starting a new right-wing Populist political party..." (Excerpt from above.) 2018 - article / book reviewAcitelli, Tom. (31 October 2018). Philip Johnson, architect behind famed Boston Public Library addition, might have been Nazi spy: Book. [Book review of Mark Lamster’s The man in the Glass House and Johnson’s Nazi past]. Curbed magazine (Boston). (Viewed 26 July 2024. S01575). "... Philip Johnson, a giant of modern American architecture whose famed works include a celebrated 1972 addition to the Boston Public Library known colloquially as the Johnson Building, may have been a Nazi spy in the late 1930s..." (Excerpt from above.) 2018 - book review mentionKling, Sam. (1 November 2018). The man in the glass house: Philip Johnson, architect of the Modern century [with mention of Johnson’s Nazi past]. Booklist (Chicago), p. 10. (Viewed 31 July 2024. S01535). "... He was a failed political agitator, a virulent anti-Semite who dreamed of becoming an American Hitler, and a designer of synagogues who had close Jewish friends..." (Excerpt from above.)
2018 - articleLamster, Mark. (31 October 2018). Genius and darkness: Mark Lamster explored the life of architect Philip Johnson— and found both The Dallas Morning News architecture critic explains his celebrated new biography, "The Man in the Glass House: Philip Johnson, Architect of the New Century." Dallas Morning News. (Viewed 28 July 2024. S01577). "... By the 1980s, it was common knowledge that Johnson had flirted with fascism in the 1930s, that he had been a Nazi sympathizer. I discovered that his history was far more egregious that anyone had even imagined, that he had imagined himself as an American Hitler, and when his plans to fulfill that goal failed, he became not just a Nazi sympathizer but an unpaid agent of the Nazi state..." (Excerpt from above.) 2018 - adapted book excerptLamster, Mark. (31 October 2018). Was architect Philip Johnson a Nazi spy? New York magazine. (Viewed 30 November 2023. S00548). "... Was Johnson a willing victim of the German propaganda machine or something far more sinister: the Nazi spy Shirer believed him to be? ..." (Excerpt from above.) 2018 - article mentionSimek, Peter. (31 October 2018). What the life of architect Philip Johnson can teach us about the shape of Dallas; Dallas Morning News architecture critic Mark Lamster’s new biography of the controversial architect demonstrates the essential value of criticism. D Magazine. (Viewed 10 July 2024. S01456). "... When you get to the end of The Man in the Glass House, you are left with a feeling that some of these very notions of what it means to build a good city— to create a great building, to exert a sense of dominance through architecture— are inextricable from the way Johnson’s own life dabbled in radical— and often racist— political and cultural ideas (perhaps the most significant historical contribution in Lamster’s book is its exposition of the extent of Johnson’s sympathetic dealings with the Nazis..." (Excerpt from above.) 2018 - book reviewBeam, Alex. (2 November 2018). "The man in the Glass House" review: Throwing stones at Philip Johnson [book by Mark Lamster; with mention of Johnson’s Nazi past]. Wall Street Journal (New York). (Viewed 28 July 2024. S01531; S01533). "... Johnson was also a passionate enthusiast for Adolf Hitler. Mr. Lamster accuses him of being a ’would-be American Hitler, and an American agent of Nazi Germany’, and makes it stick..." (Excerpt from above.)
2018 - book review mentionWeeks, Jerome. (2 November 2018). Review: "Man In The Glass House" [by Mark Lamster]— The new bio of architect Philip Johnson. Art + Seek / KERA (KERA FM, KERA TV and KXT 91.7) (Dallas, Texas). (Viewed 31 July 2024. S01600). "... Lamster even looks into whether Johnson, during visits to Germany in the 1930s, was a Nazi informant. Or whether Johnson used Nazi funds for his political efforts back in America – a federal crime... Whatever his motives, by 1940, Johnson was the subject of five FBI case files. Not exactly a resumé to attract future clients..." (Excerpt from above.) 2018 - book review mentionBeam, Alex. (3 November 2018). Books: Throwing stones at Philip Johnson [regarding Mark Lamster’s "The man in the Glass House"; with mention of Johnson’s Nazi past]. Dow Jones Institutional News (New York). (Viewed 31 July 2024. S01532). "... Johnson was also a passionate enthusiast for Adolf Hitler. Mr. Lamster accuses him of being a ’would-be American Hitler, and an American agent of Nazi Germany,’ and makes it stick... He was a founding member of the Nazi front group the American Fellowship Forum, whose magazine explored such questions as ’Can the Jewish Problem Be Solved?’ ..." (Excerpt from above.)
2018 - articleBlasius, Elizabeth. (6 November 2018). Just how much of a Nazi was Philip Johnson? ["Mark Lamster’s new book The man in the glass house includes new bits of information about Philip Johnson’s infatuation with fascism."] The Architect’s Newspaper (New York). (Viewed 4 December 2023. S00596). "’I’m a whore,’ Johnson was known to proclaim... Johnson has proved to be American architecture and design’s most storied strumpet. He played whatever role he wished without much consequence..." (Excerpt from above.) 2018 - article mentionLamster, Mark. (6 November 2018). Arbiter of taste, enfant terrible: The best and worst of Philip Johnson; The prolific 20th-century American architect’s work, ranked by the author of Johnson’s mega-biography [with mention of Johnson’s Nazi past]. Curbed magazine (New York). (Viewed 31 July 2024. S00635). "... American Business Center, Berlin, Germany, 1997... Its coffered central hall inescapably recalls the Reichschancellery of Albert Speer, a fan of Johnson’s work. Bad optics, to say the least, given Johnson’s pro-Nazi history..." (Excerpt from above.) 2018 - interview of Johnson biographer Mark LamsterPedersen, Martin. (8 November 2018). Philip Johnson: A complicated, reprehensible history [interview of biographer Mark Lamster; largely regarding his pro-Nazi support]. ArchDaily website. (Viewed 30 November 2023. S00544). 2018 - article mention(12 November 2018). Check out the best architecture book releases of the fall The Architect’s Newspaper (New York). (Viewed 31 May 2024. S01133). "... The Man in the Glass House: Philip Johnson, Architect of the Modern Century; Mark Lamster... Nine years in the making, Lamster’s deep dive into the life and career of Philip Johnson pays off in spades. Johnson is presented as a quintessential American architect and a walking mess of contradictions throughout the book; a populist born to an upper-class family who was a millionaire before the age of 25, a gay man who fervently supported the Nazis..." (Excerpt from above.) 2018 - letterMahler, Stuart (West Hartford, Conn.) (12 November 2018). Jane Jacob’s shadow of a doubt for Philip Johnson [with mention of Johnson’s pro-Nazi past]. Wall Street Journal (New York), p. A20. (Viewed 30 July 2024. S01530). "... Mr. Beam says that Johnson was able to reinvent himself and move from pro-Nazi positions while maintaining an association with Donald Trump’s ’arriviste taste.’ ..." (Excerpt from above.)
2018 - article mentionHandy, Bruce. (14 November 2018). Why the real 1983 was better than 1984 [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past. Vanity Fair magazine (New York). (Viewed 27 June 2024. S01576). "... One more data point: a fan of Adolf Hitler’s in the 1930s, Johnson, if he wasn’t technically a Nazi, had been Nazi-adjacent— maybe the first but certainly not the last Trump associate to claim such a pedigree..." (Excerpt from above.) 2018 - book reviewAlloto, Daisy. (19 November 2018). Deconstructing Philip Johnson; What the architect’s life— and myth— can teach us. [Book review of Mark Lamster’s The man in the Glass House: Philip Johnson, architect of the Modern Century with mention of Johnson’s Nazi past]. Curbed magazine (New York). (Viewed 26 July 2024. S01573). "... We learn that in the period leading up to America’s entry into WWII, Johnson indulged his sympathies with Hitler and advocated for a racially ’pure’ America in his own writings. ’That so many of his friends and so many of the artists and architects he admired were Jewish didn’t matter; he compartmentalized those feelings,’ Lamster explains. Johnson toured Nazi Germany, as if on holiday, in a limousine ’so rare… many presumed the chief passenger was Hitler, traveling incognito.’ ..." (Excerpt from above.) 2018 - article mentionSerratore, Angela. (20 November 2018). The best history books of 2018 [with pararagraph on Mark Lamster’s The man in the Glass House: Philip Johnson, architect of the Modern Century with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. Smithsonian Magazine (Washington, DC). (Viewed 27 July 2024. S01574). 2018 - article mentionHeathcote, Edwin. (23 November 2018). Best books of 2018: Architecture and design [including "The man in the Glass House: Philip Johnson, architect of the Modern Century" by Mark Lamster; with mention of Johnson’s Nazi past]. Financial Times. (Viewed 13 July 2024. S01473). "... Suave, witty, talented, an irrepressible gossip and a one-time Nazi, he was simultaneously loved and hated..." (Excerpt from above.) 2018 - article mentionWolf, Martin. (24 November 2018). Mind-stretching reads of 2018: FT writers and guests select their top titles— with newsections on tech, wellness and thrillers joining our biggest-ever end-of-year round-up [with mention of Mark Lamster’s The man in the glass house and Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. Financial Times [Europe edition], p. 10. (Viewed 30 July 2024. S01527).
2018 - article mentionTaylor, Elizabeth and Cohen, Adam. (30 November 2018). Five hot books: Influential figures and grand ideas [with mention of The man in the Glass House: Philip Johnson, architect of the Modern century by Mark Lamster and his fascist past]. StarTribune (Minneapolis, Minnesota). (Viewed 13 July 2024. S01478). 2018 - book reviewLenfield, Spencer Lee. (November - December 2018). The devil and Philip Johnson [with mention Johnson’s Nazi past]. Harvard Magazine (Cambridge, Massachusetts). (Viewed 31 July 2024. S01529). "... The most serious of these [transgressions], sympathizing with the Nazis and working to bring about a kind of American fascism throughout the 1930s, would dog Johnson throughout his life, even as his powerful friends did their best to keep such rumors in abeyance. Lamster is unequivocal about these charges: the full evidence shows Philip Johnson was ’an unpaid agent of the Nazi state’— unpaid only because he was so rich he didn’t need German money..." (Excerpt from above.) 2018 - interview mentionFixsen, Anna. (3 December 2018). The power and paradox of Philip Johnson; Metropolis speaks with critic Mark Lamster about his recent biography of America’s original starchitect and the many contradictions he discovered along the way— from Johnson’s Nazi past, to his many reinventions. [with mention of Johnson’s Nazi past]. Metropolis magazine. (Viewed 31 July 2024. S01601). [Lamster:] "... He’s on top of the world, really a star. And then he throws it all away to become essentially this alt-right political agitator. And then essentially an agent of the Nazi state, trying to mainstream fascism in the United States... ... finding sort of obscure FBI and DOJ files where he’s interviewed about his role as a collaborator with the Nazis, with the Nazi state, with very high ranking members of the Gestapo and the foreign office and propaganda office. He essentially delivered unto them information about American fascist individuals who they could work with and promote fascist propaganda in America. The Nazis liked the sort of intellectual fascism that Johnson represented, so Johnson was very useful to the Nazi state in propelling this argument to the very highest reaches of the American political establishment quite successfully..." (Excerpt from above.) 2018 - interview mentionFixsen, Anna (Metropolis Magazine). (3 December 2018). The power and paradox of Philip Johnson [interview of Mark Lamster, biographer; with mention of Johnson’s Nazi past]. Patterns News / architectexturez.net. (Viewed 31 July 2024. S01602). 2018 - book reviewRosen, Armin. (5 December 2018). Philip Johnson was very Nazi; A new biography, "The Man in the Glass House", shows why it’s hard to ignore the authoritarian characteristics of some of the architect’s more celebrated work, and why the relationship between aesthetics and morality will forever be fraught. Tablet magazine. (Viewed 6 July 2024. S01445). "Just how much of a Nazi was the most important American architect of the 20th century? Per Mark Lamster’s new The Man in the Glass House: Philip Johnson, Architect of the Modern Century, the answer is nothing short of astonishing, albeit only in the negative sense of the word..." (Excerpt from above.) 2018 - article preview(6 December 2018). Philip Johnson, Nazi sympathizer and synagogue architect [preview of Armin Rosen’s book review of Mark Lamster’s The man in the Glass House in Tablet magazine]. Mosaic magazine (New York, NY). (Viewed 6 July 2024. S01452). 2018 - book reviewSaval, Nikil. (12 December 2018). Philip Johnson, the man who made architecture amoral; How a giant of twentieth-century architecture escaped— and enacted— his far-right past. The New Yorker. (Viewed 6 July 2024. S01444). ".. It would be decades later, when Johnson had become one of the country’s most famous architects—his name attached not just to the Seagram Building, but to the New York State Theater at Lincoln Center; to his boxy, glass-walled home in New Canaan, Connecticut; and to skyscrapers across the country— that his Fascist past became news again... For the Examiner, a Connecticut quarterly, he published an admiring review of two translations of ’Mein Kampf’, and followed it with the speculatively titled ’Are We a Dying People?’, in which he lamented the contemporary ’decline in fertility . . . unique in the history of the white race’. By the late part of the decade, he was in deep. He visited Hitler Youth camps and inspected the country’s building program..." (Excerpt from above.) 2018 - article mention(14 December 2018). 18 enticing new books on design, cities, and more [with mention of "The Man in the Glass House: Philip Johnson, Architect of the Modern Century" by Mark Lamster]. Curbed magazine (New York). (Viewed 31 July 2024. S01603). "... ’He was a gay man with a fascist history living in a glass house, and he liked nothing better than to throw stones,’ writes Mark Lamster..." (Excerpt from above.) 2018 - article mentionBozikovic, Alex. (15 December 2018). Style over substance: Biography of the first "starchitect" reveals the man who brought important ideas in European modernism to North America to be a thoroughly superficial figure who was easy to despise [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. The Globe and Mail (Toronto, ON, Canada), p. 19. (Viewed 31 July 2024. S01528). "... Starchitect. Collector. Definitely a Nazi . And, maybe, a genius..." (Excerpt from above.)
2018 - article mentionAyoubi, Ayda. (18 December 2018). 15 books for architecture buffs and their little ones [with mention of Lamster’s book and Johnson’s Nazi past]. Architect magazine. (Viewed 13 July 2024. S01476). "... The Man in the Glass House by Mark Lamster... ’He was a fascist Nazi sympathizer who built synagogues and supported Israel, a genius without originality, an opportunist and a romantic, a populist and a snob. His last great client was Donald Trump.’" (Excerpt from above.) 2018 - book review mentionGoldberger, Paul. (20 December 2018). A new biography of the architect Philip Johnson, the "Man in the Glass House" [with mention of Johnson’s Nazi past]. New York Times. (Viewed 13 July 2024. S01477). "... Lamster deals extensively with Johnson’s horrendous infatuation with the Nazis in the 1930s, a ghastly chapter that was well documented in Franz Schulze’s 1994 biography and that Lamster fleshes out with a few more details... ... he fell under the thrall of both German politics and the attractiveness of Aryan youth... " (Excerpt from above.) 2018 - article mentionCowles, Gregory. (27 December 2018). 8 new books we recommend this week ["The man in the Glass House: Philip Johnson, Architect of the Modern Century" by Mark Lamster]. New York Times. (Viewed 31 July 2024. S01526). "... He also recounts darker episodes like Johnson’s infatuation with the Nazis in the 1930s..." (Excerpt from above.) 2018 - article mention(30 December 2018). Editor’s choice / Staff picks from the book review [with mention of "The man in the Glass House: Philip Johnson, Architect of the Modern Century" by Mark Lamster]. New York Times, New York Times Book Review supplement, p. 19. (Viewed 31 July 2024. S01525). "... He also recounts darker episodes like Johnson’s infatuation with the Nazis in the 1930s..." (Excerpt from above.)
2019 - spotlighted book reviewFiller, Martin. (18 April 2019). Mark Lamster’s "The Man in the Glass House: Philip Johnson, Architect of the Modern Century". The New York Review of Books. (Viewed 29 June 2024. S01410). "... But of far more interest and importance than the architect’s love life is the previously unrevealed extent of his involvement with Nazi Germany. ...Years later he tried to ascribe his enthusiasm for Hitler to the homoerotic appeal of Aryan stormtroopers in hypermasculine military uniforms. But this was no mere sexual fetish, as shown by his extensive writing for Social Justice, the white supremacist, anti-Semitic paper... ... Lamster goes further than any previous writer in asserting that Johnson was infinitely worse than a misguided, impressionable youth who fell for Hitlerian theatrics: he was in effect an unpaid spy for the Nazi regime..." (Excerpts from above.) 2019 - spotlighted video of TV broadcastMason, Anthony. (presumably 20 April 2019). New biography reexamines the controversial life and views of architect Philip Johnson [with biographer Mark Lamster, Paul Goldberger]. CBS This Morning: Saturday (Spotlighted at top of webpage). (Viewed 29 June 2024. S01399). Mason: "Johnson’s former secretary told the FBI he wanted to be Hitler in the United States..." (Excerpt from above.) 2019 - spotlighted book reviewMiranda, Carolina A. (28 April 2019). The original "starchitect"; How Philip Johnson took the reins of 20th-century design, for better or worse [regarding Mark Lamster’s book The man in the Glass House]. Los Angeles Times, Arts & Books section, p. F4. (Viewed 29 June 2024. S01380). "... he also had a ’flirtation’ with Nazi politics, as some of his obituaries, in 2005, gingerly put it. In actuality, he was kissing Nazism full on the mouth... ’He was never publicly confronted with the full evidence of his complicity,’ writes Lamster, ’that he was more than a Nazi sympathizer but an unpaid Nazi agent of the Nazi state.’ ..." (Excerpt from above.)
2019 - other articlesSee the articles 2019 - book reviewWise, Michael Z. (8 January 2019). Review of "The Man in the Glass House: Philip Johnson, Architect of the Modern Century" by Mark Lamster. Architectural Record. (Viewed 13 July 2019. S01474). "... Johnson was, Lamster concludes, ’an unpaid agent of the Nazi state’ who well into middle age was a virulent anti-Semite and a proponent of racist eugenics. In his book, Lamster quotes from the FBI files uncovered by Schulze and compiled after Johnson toured Eastern Europe in 1939 as a correspondent for rightwing U.S. papers at the invitation of Hitler’s propaganda ministry..." (Excerpt from above.) 2019 - book reviewPrieto, Eduardo. (23 January 2019). Philip Johnson: Fausto hecho arquitecto [with mentions of Johnson’s Nazi past]. El Mundo (Madrid, Spain. (Viewed 15 August 2024. S01639). Sub-title: "El primer premio Pritzker fue todo: fue nazi y gay,’miesiano y posmoderno, empleado de Trump y de Israel, filósofo y estrella delos medios... Su obra envejece camino del olvido pero su vida, ahora narrada en una biografía por Mark Lamster, sigue siendo apasionante", in English roughly ’The first Pritzker prize was everything: he was a Nazi and gay, a Miesian and postmodern, an employee of Trump and Israel, a philosopher and a media star... His work is aging towards oblivion but his life, now narrated in a biography by Mark Lamster, remains fascinating’ (Excerpt from above.) 2019 - article mentionWagner, Kate. (29 January 2019). The Boys’ Club; On the myths and enigmas of Philip Johnson’s life and of a supposedly egalitarian architectural culture. The Nation. (Viewed 8 May 2024. S01087). ’... later expanded beyond the American scene to include trips to Nazi Germany (he even spent time in Poland as a “journalist” during the early days of the German invasion) and, later, the circulation of Nazi propaganda in the United States as an unpaid agent of the German state...’ (Excerpt from above.) 2019 - book reviewPfaff, Tim. (5 February 2019). Stranger in the house [book review of Mark Lamster on Philip Johnson, The man in the Glass House [with mention of Johnson’s pro-Nazi past]. Bay Area Reporter (LGBT newspaper) (San Francisco, California). (Viewed 15 August 2024. S01640). "... Lamster is exhaustive on what some others have deemed Johnson’s dalliance with fascism... Only his own political ineptitude and practiced lying spared him graver consequences than an FBI investigation. Unsparing as Lamster is with the details, he makes a fascinating if hardly exculpatory observation: ’Rejection of aesthetic ambition had also fueled the rise of Adolf Hitler.’... " (Excerpt from above.) 2019 - article(14 February 2019). The dark side of Philip Johnson: how the famous architect helped the Nazis in WW II; Johnson has buildings in cities across Canada, U.S.— including Toronto’s CBC Broadcasting Centre [interview of biographer Mark Lamster]. CBC Radio (Canada). (Viewed 30 November 2023. S00546). 2019 - book review mentionMiranda, Carolina A. (5 April 2019). Review: An engaging biography records the polemical life of architect Philip Johnson [review of Lamster’s biography; with mention of Johnson’s pro-Nazi support]. Los Angeles Times. (Viewed 30 December 2023. S00853). "... In the 1930s, as a young man, he also had a ’flirtation’ with Nazi politics, as some of his obituaries, in 2005, gingerly put it. In actuality, he was kissing Nazism full on the mouth... " (Excerpt from above.) 2019 - articleSitz, Miriam. (20 April 2019). Mark Lamster discusses Philip Johnson biography on CBS This Morning. Architectural Record. (Viewed 29 June 2024. S01398). "... The 6-minute segment takes a closer look at Johnson’s ties to fascism and Nazi politics. ’He threw away his career as a curator to try and become this fascist politician,’ Lamster, a RECORD contributor, tells CBS. ’It’s a terrible moment in his history’ ..." (Excerpt from above.) 2019 - article mentionLibedinsky, Juana (New York). (21 May 2019). Philip Johnson, el nazi que se construyó una casa de cristal [in English roughly, "Philip Johnson, the Nazi who built a glass house"] [with mention of Johnson’s Nazi past]. El Pais (Montevideo, Uruguay). (Viewed 2 August 2024. S01609). 2019 - article mentionGarrow, Matt. (24 July 2019). 10 famous people who were Nazi sympathizers [#2 Philip Johnson]. listverse.com. (Viewed 30 November 2023. S00547). |
2020s | 2020 - spotlighted articleBernstein, Fred A. (4 December 2020). MoMA and Harvard GSD Respond to activists’ call to remove Philip Johnson’s name. Architectural Record. (Viewed 29 May 2024. S01120). "The Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) and Harvard’s Graduate School of Design (GSD) have responded to a November 27th letter demanding that they remove Philip Johnson’s name from every “leadership title, public space or honorific” at those institutions because of his racist and white supremacist activities..." (Excerpt from above.) 2020 - spotlighted articleBetsky, Aaron. (11 December 2020). Why we should cancel Philip Johnson; Aaron Betsky on the call to strip the architect’s name from public institutions. Architect magazine. (Viewed 6 July 2024. S01447). "It is time to cancel Philip Johnson. In fact, it’s long overdue. For all of his significance in codifying Modernist architecture and helping several generations of architects keep its pursuit current, and despite his philanthropic generosity in donating the immense wealth he inherited and much of his art to select institutions, there is no getting around the fact that Johnson was a Nazi supporter... Fascist forms crept into Johnson’s work and from there entered mainstream American architecture... Equally troubling to me is the manner in which Johnson got away with his fascism... Even the Glass House, with its enforced openness that contrasted with the “sex cave” hidden underground, smacks of the S&M side of fascism..." (Excerpt from above.) 2020 - other articlesSee the articles 2020 - articleBudds, Diana. (1 December 2020). Artists to MoMA: Take down Philip Johnson’s name [regarding Johnson’s Nazi past]. Curbed / New York magazine. (Viewed 27 July 2024. S01571). "... What disqualifies Johnson, according to the letter, is his white-supremacist past, which is well documented in books and magazines and in his FBI file. Johnson described attending Nazi rallies in Germany as ’exhilarating’ and attempted to found a fascist political party in the United States. During World War II, he called the burning of Warsaw and the bombing of the Polish city of Modlin by the Nazis ’a stirring spectacle.’ He backed the anti-Semitic radio demagogue Father Coughlin and designed a stage for his rallies based on one Hitler used..." (Excerpt from above.) 2020 - articleDafoe, Taylor. (2 December 2020). Prominent architects are calling on MoMA to remove Philip Johnson’s name from its walls over his ties to fascism; Seven of the 10 architects in an upcoming exhibition at the museum were among the signatories of an open letter. artnet.com. (Viewed 30 November 2023. S00543). 2020 - articleDi Liscia, Valentina. (2 December 2020). Architects ask MoMA to remove Philip Johnson’s name, citing racist legacy; The Johnson Study Group, a group of artists and architects, says that Johnson’s "widely documented white supremacist views make him an inappropriate namesake". Hyperallergic. (Viewed 2 August 2024. S01607). "... the Johnson Study Group, a group of designers and architects documenting Johnson’s influence on the field, cite his ’widely documented’ support of and active contributions to white supremacy, including translating and disseminating Nazi propaganda, founding an affiliated fascist party in Louisiana, and segregating MoMA’s collection..." (Excerpt from above.) 2020 - articleHickman, Matt. (2 December 2020). Undoing a harmful legacy; architects and designers call on the MoMA to remove Philip Johnson’s name [with mention of Johnson’s Nazi past]. Architect’s Newspaper. (Viewed 2 August 2024. S01608). 2020 - article(3 August 2020). Design Archives: Philip Johnson, 1906-2005; The life and work of the controversial American architect is the subject of a lavish new monograph [with mention of Johnson’s pro-Nazi support]. Homes & Interiors Scotland (Viewed 3 December 2023. S00567). "... In the 1930s, however, his mind was on darker matters and he became involved with fascism. He was a frequent visitor to Germany during this period and even attended Nazi rallies, admitting to getting ’swept up’ in the ’spectacle’— ironic, given that the Bauhaus approach to teaching and creativity was despised by the Nazis, and that Mies and Gropius would be forced to flee to the States as the situation in Europe deteriorated... " (Excerpt from above.) 2020 - articleBahr, Sarah. (3 December 2020). Artists ask MoMA to remove Philip Johnson’s name, citing racist views [with mention of Johnson’s Nazi past]. New York Times. (Viewed 26 July 2024. S01566). "... [Philip Johnson] also championed racist and white supremacist viewpoints in his younger years. Johnson’s Nazi sympathies, for example, have been well documented, and he spent the years after World War II trying to distance himself from them..." (Excerpt from above.) 2020 - articleBahr, Sarah (New York Times). (4 December 2020). Artists ask MoMA to remove Philip Johnson’s name, citing racist views [with mention of Johnson’s Nazi past]. Boston Globe. (Viewed 26 July 2024. S01567). 2020 - articleLudel, Wallace. (4 December 2020). Artists and architects ask MoMA and other institutions to remove Philip Johnson’s name citing his racist views; The famous architect attended Nazi rallies in his youth and openly made anti-Semitic and white supremacist comments. Art Newspaper. (Viewed 29 May 2024. S01121). 2020 - articleDi Liscia, Valentina. (7 December 2020). After architects denounce Philip Johnson’s white supremacist views, Harvard will rename a house he designed; The Philip Johnson Thesis House will henceforth be known as simply "9 Ash Street", the building’s physical address. Hyperallergic. (Viewed 13 July 2024. S01479). 2020 - articleDafoe, Taylor. (8 December 2020). Bowing to pressure, Harvard will remove Philip Johnson’s name from a building he designed because of his support for Nazism; The home Johnson designed for his architectural thesis will now be referred to only by its street address. artnet.com. (Viewed 13 July 2024. S01480). "... In the 1930s, Johnson worked with extreme right-wing groups in the US and promoted anti-Semitism and Nazism, and attempted to form a fascist political party in America..." (Excerpt from above.) 2020 - articleHickman, Matt. (8 December 2020). Harvard will remove Philip Johnson’s name from Cambridge home that he designed as graduate student [with reference to Johnson’s Nazi past]. The Architect’s Newspaper. (Viewed 13 July 2024. S01483). 2020 - articleGibson, Eleanor. (10 December 2020). Philip Johnson’s first building renamed amid protest over architect’s "white supremacist views". dezeen. (Viewed 13 July 2024. S01481). 2020 - articlePitcher, Greg. (10 December 2020). Harvard drops association with "white supremacist" Philip Johnson. Architect’s Journal (UK). (Viewed 19 December 2023. S00773). 2020 - articleWhyte, Murray. (10 December 2020). Philip Johnson: An ugly history that must be named [with mention of Johnson’s Nazi past]. Boston Globe. (Viewed 13 July 2024. S01382). "... He worked with white supremacists, consorted with Nazis, and even tried to start a fascist party in the US as Hitler rose to power in Germany. With the country on the cusp of entering the Second World War, he was cowed only when the FBI investigated him for sedition in 1940..." (Excerpt from above.) 2020 - articleBryant, Miranda. (13 December 2020). MoMa urged to drop Philip Johnson’s name over architect’s fascist past; After Harvard University said his racism and white supremacy had no place in design, the New York museum is under pressure to act. The Guardian (UK). (Viewed 6 July 2024. S01445). "... His history with fascism, antisemitism and the Nazis is well documented. He tried to start a fascist political party in the United States, attended the Nuremberg rally of 1938 and described Hitler as ’a spellbinder’... " (Excerpt from above.) 2020 - articleHickman, Matt. (14 December 2020). Harvard will remove Philip Johnson’s name from Cambridge home that he designed as graduate student [with reference to Johnson’s Nazi past]. ArchDaily in partnership with The Architect’s Newspaper. (Viewed 13 July 2024. S01482). 2020 - article(15 December 2020). La controversa storia di Philip Johnson con il nazismo [in English, roughly "The controversial history of Philip Johnson with Nazism"]. Il Post online newspaper (presumably Milan, Italy). (Viewed 14 August 2024. S01648). Article subtitle: "Fu uno dei più grandi architetti statunitensi e curatore al MoMA, ma fu anche un ammiratore di Hitler e qualcuno ora ne chiede conto"; in English, roughly "He was one of America’s greatest architects and a curator at MoMA, but he was also an admirer of Hitler and some are now asking about it." (Excerpt from above.) 2020 - article(15 December 2020). MoMA feels the heat over architect’s "fascist past" [referring to Philip Johnson’s fascist and Nazi past]. Architecture and Design (Sydney area, Australia). (Viewed 13 July 2024. S01486). 2020 - article(16 December 2020). Harvard removes Philip Johnson’s name from Cambridge home because of his "white supremacist views". World Architecture. (Viewed 13 July 2024. S01484). "... The Harvard GSD’s decision comes after The Johnson Study Group, an online organization documenting Philip Johnson’s ties with fascism and Nazism, sent a letter on November 27, 2020 calling all public institutions to remove Philip Johnson’s name from ’all spaces and titles’ in reference of honor..." (Excerpt from above.) 2020 - articleHickman, Matt. (18 December 2020). Harvard removerá nome de Philip Johnson do edifício que projetou enquanto estudante [In English, roughly, "Harvard will remove Philip Johnson’s name from Cambridge home that he designed as graduate student"; with reference to Johnson’s Nazi past]. ArchDaily (Brazil) in partnership with Architect’s Newspaper. (Viewed 13 July 2024. S01485). 2021 - spotlighted article, with video of TV news broadcast (above)Lyden, Tom. (8 February 2021). Glass houses: Designer [Philip Johnson] of IDS Center [Minneapolis] was Nazi sympathizer (Spotlighted at top of webpage). FOX 9 news (KMSP) (Minneapolis, Minnesota). (Viewed 30 November 2023. S00539). "Nearly 50 years ago, the IDS Center became the star of the Minneapolis skyline. At 57-stories it remains the city’s tallest building. For the man who designed it, architect Philip Johnson, it was also a breakthrough... ’We can’t sugar coat it. He was quite simply a devoted fascist for eight years,’ said historian Marc Wortman, who included Johnson in his book, ’1941: Fighting the Shadow War,’ which traces America’s entry into World War II... ’He envisioned himself as an American Fuhrer,’ said architectural critic Mark Lamster, who wrote a meticulously documented biography of Johnson, ’The Man In The Glass House.’ ... "(Excerpt from above.) 2021 - spotlighted articleAdams, Michael Henry. (21 March 2021). MoMA wants to cancel Philip Johnson— many who knew him do not. The Guardian (London). (Viewed 3 December 2023. S00571). "... In the grill at the Four Seasons he remembered how, back from Germany in 1934, he made a fateful jaunt to Harlem’s Club Hot-Cha. On seeing the elegant African American singer Jimmie Daniels, Johnson said, he determined to make the beautiful youth his lover. Johnson could be exceedingly charming. But had he really repented? His Jewish friends and Black employees thought so. So do I..." (Excerpt from above.) 2021 - other articlesSee the articles 2021 - articleApollon, Audrey and Teichholtz, Leah. (7 January 2021). Graduate School of Design strips architect’s name from house in response to open letter [concerning Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. The Harvard Crimson (Cambridge, Massachusetts). (Viewed 25 July 2024. S01564). "... Johnson’s legacy has also been characterized by his widely documented white supremacist views. The Johnson Study Group’s letter noted that he attempted to form a fascist party, circulated Nazi publications, and did not feature a single work by a Black designer or architect during his five-decade tenure at MoMA..." (Excerpt from above.) 2021 - articleSantoni, Serena. (8 January 2021). Harvard cancella il nome di Philip Johnson, sostenitore del nazismo [in English, roughly, "Harvard cancels the name of Philip Johnson, supporter of Nazism"]. exibart website (Rome, Italy). (Viewed 17 July 2024. S01552). 2021 - article mentionDe la Rosa, Rogelio. (24 January 2021). Philip Johnson EN 5 obras [in English, roughly, "Philip Johnson in five works"; with mention of his Nazi past]. El Norte (Monterrey, Mexico), p. 4. (Viewed 15 July 2024. S01489). "... El arquitecto estadounidense Philip Johnson (1906-2005) ha sido acusado de supuesto racismo y colaboración con el partido Nazi..." (In English, roughly, "... The American architect Philip Johnson (1906-2005) has been accused of alleged racism and collaboration with the Nazi party..." (Excerpt from above.)
2021 - article mentionBozikovic, Alex. (30 January 2021). Did Philip Johnson help design this Yorkville penthouse? The thorny issues of renovating heritage architecture [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. Globe and Mail (Toronto, Canada). (Viewed 26 July 2024. S01565). "... Sixty years ago, the influential American architect Philip Johnson – curator, tastemaker, modernist pioneer and Nazi sympathizer— designed a penthouse apartment on top of a Toronto office building. Or did he? ..." (Excerpt from above.) 2021 - article mentionKingston, Corey. (26 February 2021). Corey Kingston: I installed the Philip Johnson sign at MoMA [with mention of Johnson’s Nazi past]. Architect magazine. (Viewed 4 November 2024. S01786). 2021 - articleDi Liscia, Valentina. (1 March 2021). MoMA will temporarily cover Philip Johnson’s name after architects denounce white supremacist ties; A wall sign bearing Johnson’s name will be covered by an artwork during the run of the exhibition Reconstructions: Architecture and Blackness in America. Hyperallergic. (Viewed 15 July 2024. S01509). "... The American modernist was affiliated with the Nazi party in the 1930s, translating and disseminating its propaganda; decades later, he justified his association as a homoerotic fascination with Nazi uniforms..." (Excerpt from above.) 2021 - preview news briefWalter, Alexander. (2 March 2021). MoMA agrees to temporarily cover Philip Johnson’s name with Black Reconstruction Collective artwork [with mention of Johnson’s Nazi past]. Archinect. (Viewed 15 July 2024. S01510). "... The debate over Philip Johnson’s past and ongoing legacy continues: after The Johnson Study Group published an open letter calling for all institutions to remove the name of Philip Johnson from ’every leadership title, public space, and honorific of any form’ in response to the architect’s documented Fascist past and support of white supremacy..." (Excerpt from above.) 2021 - articleDafoe, Taylor. (2 March 2021). A black design collective will temporarily obscure architect and Nazi sympathizer Philip Johnson’s name from a gallery at MoMA. artnet.com. (Viewed 30 November 2023. S00542). 2021 - articleHickman, Matt. (2 March 2021). Philip Johnson’s name covered at MoMA for Reconstructions: Architecture and Blackness in America [with mention of Johnson’s Nazi past]. Architect’s Newspaper. (Viewed 21 July 2024. S01557). "... The ’allegations against Johnson’ mentioned by MoMA don’t exactly spring from a newfound revelation, as the fascist leanings of the inaugural Pritzker Prize laureate and former MoMA trustee-slash-patron-slash-curator are the stuff of abhorrent legend..." (Excerpt from above.) 2021 - article mentionBerg, Nate. (15 March 2021). Architecture has a racist past. These artists radically reimagined it; A new MOMA exhibit explores architecture and Blackness [with mention of "Nazi sympathizer Philip Johnson"]. Fast Company. (Viewed 9 December 2023. S00654). 2021 - articleGreenberger, Alex. (25 March 2021). MoMA’s Philip Johnson problem: How to address the architect’s legacy? ARTnews. (Viewed 3 December 2023. S00572). ".. Lamster, the Johnson biographer, said that, because of Johnson’s outsized influence at the museum, it would be nearly impossible for MoMA to scrub him from its history. ’To cancel Philip Johnson is to cancel MoMA,’ Lamster said. That does not mean that the moment isn’t ripe for reflection, Lamster continued. ’There is no canceling Philip Johnson. He’s already dead— that’s as canceled as you can get. The question is how you understand his legacy. If canceling means we don’t grapple with that history, that’s a big mistake. If canceling means removing his name, that’s a different story’ ..." (Excerpt from above.) 2021 - article mentionCohen, Noam. (26 March 2021). Sure, erase the names of history’s racists. That won’t undo their messes. The public spaces, medical system and policing these men helped create are still in place [with mention of Philip Johnson’s pro-Nazi past]. Washington Post. (Viewed 6 July 2024. S01450). "... In the 1930s, when he was organizing MoMA’s early architecture exhibitions, he was simultaneously extolling Hitler, preaching anti-Semitism and trying to build a fascist political party in the United States to work in partnership with the Nazi government. He later publicly renounced his fascist support..." (Excerpt from above.) 2021 - article mentionWhyte, Murray. (28 March 2021). What if cities were built for Blackness? [With mention of Johnson’s pro-Nazi support, in an odd review of a race-oriented exhibition...]. Boston Globe, presumably p. N1. (Viewed 7 December 2023. Q00556). "... The collective asked the museum to remove Johnson’s stamp from the space, given his history as a Nazi associate and his gatekeeping role... " (Excerpt from above.)
2021 - article mentionLang, Joel. (23 May 2021). Artist David Hartt wants to create a "salon" for Black artists at the Glass House in New Canaan [with mention of Johnson and his 1930s support for fascism]. Connecticut Post (Bridgeport, CT). (Viewed 22 December 2023. S00838). "... [At MoMA] The exhibit happens to be in rooms named for Johnson, who became a subject of controversy because of his fascist and white supremacist opinions in the 1930s. They were not just passive; Johnson became so politically active that by 1940 the FBI kept a file on him for possible sedition, according to a 2018 biography..." (Excerpt from above.) 2021 - articleLang, Joel. (23 May 2021). Artist David Hartt wants to create a "salon" for Black artists at the Glass House in New Canaan [with mention of Johnson and his 1930s support for fascism]. CTInsider news website (Connecticut). (Viewed 22 December 2023. S00839). 2021 - articleLang, Joel. (23 May 2021). Artist David Hartt wants to create a "salon" for Black artists at the Glass House in New Canaan [with mention of Johnson and his 1930s support for fascism]. Greenwich Time newspaper (Greenwich, CT). (Viewed 22 December 2023. S00840). 2021 - articleLang, Joel. (23 May 2021). Artist David Hartt wants to create a "salon" for Black artists at the Glass House in New Canaan [with mention of Johnson and his 1930s support for fascism]. The Hour newspaper (Norwalk, CT). (Viewed 22 December 2023. S00841). 2021 - articleLang, Joel. (23 May 2021). Artist David Hartt wants to create a "salon" for Black artists at the Glass House in New Canaan [with mention of Johnson and his 1930s support for fascism]. Middletown Press (Middletown, CT). (Viewed 22 December 2023. S00842). 2021 - articleLang, Joel. (23 May 2021). Artist David Hartt wants to create a "salon" for Black artists at the Glass House in New Canaan [with mention of Johnson and his 1930s support for fascism]. The Milford Mirror (Milford, CT). (Viewed 22 December 2023. S00843). 2021 - articleLang, Joel. (23 May 2021). Artist David Hartt wants to create a "salon" for Black artists at the Glass House in New Canaan [with mention of Johnson and his 1930s support for fascism]. The New Canaan Advertiser (New Canaan, CT). (Viewed 22 December 2023. S00844). 2021 - articleLang, Joel. (23 May 2021). Artist David Hartt wants to create a "salon" for Black artists at the Glass House in New Canaan [with mention of Johnson and his 1930s support for fascism]. New Haven Register (New Haven, CT). (Viewed 22 December 2023. S00845). 2021 - articleLang, Joel. (23 May 2021). Artist David Hartt wants to create a "salon" for Black artists at the Glass House in New Canaan [with mention of Johnson and his 1930s support for fascism]. The News-Times (Danbury, CT). (Viewed 22 December 2023. S00846). 2021 - articleLang, Joel. (23 May 2021). Artist David Hartt wants to create a "salon" for Black artists at the Glass House in New Canaan [with mention of Johnson and his 1930s support for fascism]. The Register Citizen (Torrington, CT). (Viewed 22 December 2023. S00847). 2021 - articleLang, Joel. (23 May 2021). Artist David Hartt wants to create a "salon" for Black artists at the Glass House in New Canaan [with mention of Johnson and his 1930s support for fascism]. The Ridgefield Press (Ridgefield, CT). (Viewed 22 December 2023. S00848). 2021 - articleLang, Joel. (23 May 2021). Artist David Hartt wants to create a "salon" for Black artists at the Glass House in New Canaan [with mention of Johnson and his 1930s support for fascism]. Shelton Herald (Shelton, CT). (Viewed 22 December 2023. S00849). 2021 - articleLang, Joel. (23 May 2021). Artist David Hartt wants to create a "salon" for Black artists at the Glass House in New Canaan [with mention of Johnson and his 1930s support for fascism]. Stamford Advocate (Stamford, CT). (Viewed 22 December 2023. S00850). 2021 - articleLang, Joel. (23 May 2021). Artist David Hartt wants to create a "salon" for Black artists at the Glass House in New Canaan [with mention of Johnson and his 1930s support for fascism]. Trumbull Times (Trumbull, CT). (Viewed 22 December 2023. S00851). 2021 - articleLang, Joel. (23 May 2021). Artist David Hartt wants to create a "salon" for Black artists at the Glass House in New Canaan [with mention of Johnson and his 1930s support for fascism]. Wilton Bulletin (Wilton, CT). (Viewed 22 December 2023. S00852). 2022 - spotlighted article mentionCardinalis, Kye. (9 August 2022). Beauty from bleakness: Philip Johnson’s Glass House [with mention of Johnson’s pro-Nazi past]. Atomic Ranch magazine. (Viewed 3 July 2024. S01412). "... Philip Johnson was a Nazi sympathizer. Indeed, he was an active participant in the movement, visiting the front lines and writing propaganda by invitation of the Third Reich. He referred to the burning of Warsaw as ’a stirring spectacle’. In Philip Johnson: A Visual Biography, Ian Volner writes, ’The cylindrical brick volume, breaking the simplicity of the steel box, was once likened by Philip to a ruined village he had seen years before. He meant, of course, a place he’d seen in Poland during his fascist period. As historian Anthony Vidler once wrote, the Glass House could then be read as ‘a Polish farmhouse "purified" by the fire of war of everything but its architectural "essence": an uncanny echo of a dark past, lurking within the familiar icon of American glamor.’.. " (Excerpt from above.) 2022 - spotlighted articleStewart, Carolyn. (10 October 2022). America’s Nazi architect; He was a brilliant creative and a fixture in New York’s art scene. In wrestling with Philip Johnson’s legacy, there’s opportunity and serious responsibility. American Purpose website. (Viewed 3 December 2023. S00568). "Before I could raise the topic, another visitor [of the Glass House] beat me to it. Visibly tense, he asked the tour guide why the tour avoided any mention of Johnson’s connection to the Nazis. A few others in the group nodded their heads in agreement. The tour guide looked a touch sheepish and said, with a shoulder shrug, that the Glass House is still closely tied to Johnson’s surviving friends and mentees... Let’s contextualize Philip Johnson, not cancel him. By acknowledging the architect’s disgraceful past, we can put his legacy to work for the greater good..." (Excerpt from above.) 2022 - other articlesSee the articles 2022 - article mentionWaddoups, Ryan. (15 April 2022). A Philip Johnson house is reborn as an inclusive cultural space [with mention of Johnson’s pro-Nazi past]. Surface magazine. (Viewed 1 July 2024. S01411). "... Overlooking the Newburgh-Beacon Bridge on a hilltop in the picturesque Hudson Valley is the BIPOC- and LGBTQ-led Wolfhouse, a classic midcentury-modern home completed in 1949 by Philip Johnson, who in recent years has come under fire for his support of Nazism..." (Excerpt from above.) 2022 - article mentionDuffield, Grace. (27 April 2022). "Colored garden" named ’provocatively’ to confront New Canaan’s Glass House’s past and future [with mention of Johnson’s pro-Nazi support]. Connecticut Post (Bridgeport, CT). (Viewed 9 December 2023. S00655). "... Glass House staff discussed moving forward in light of Johnson’s complex history— a gay man who expressed Nazi sympathies before WWII and who went on to become a leader in Mid-Century Modern architecture which his home exemplifies..." (Excerpt from above.) 2022 - article mentionDuffield, Grace. (27 April 2022). "Colored garden" named ’provocatively’ to confront New Canaan’s Glass House’s past and future [with mention of Johnson’s pro-Nazi support]. CTInsider news website (Connecticut). (Viewed 9 December 2023. S00656). 2022 - article mentionDuffield, Grace. (27 April 2022). "Colored garden" named ’provocatively’ to confront New Canaan’s Glass House’s past and future [with mention of Johnson’s pro-Nazi support]. Greenwich Time newspaper (Greenwich, CT). (Viewed 9 December 2023. S00657). 2022 - article mentionDuffield, Grace. (27 April 2022). "Colored garden" named ’provocatively’ to confront New Canaan’s Glass House’s past and future [with mention of Johnson’s pro-Nazi support]. The Hour newspaper (Norwalk, CT). (Viewed 9 December 2023. S00658). 2022 - article mentionDuffield, Grace. (27 April 2022). "Colored garden" named ’provocatively’ to confront New Canaan’s Glass House’s past and future [with mention of Johnson’s pro-Nazi support]. Middletown Press (Middletown, CT). (Viewed 9 December 2023. S00659). 2022 - article mentionDuffield, Grace. (27 April 2022). "Colored garden" named ’provocatively’ to confront New Canaan’s Glass House’s past and future [with mention of Johnson’s pro-Nazi support]. The Milford Mirror (Milford, CT). (Viewed 9 December 2023. S00660). 2022 - article mentionDuffield, Grace. (27 April 2022). "Colored garden" named ’provocatively’ to confront New Canaan’s Glass House’s past and future [with mention of Johnson’s pro-Nazi support]. The New Canaan Advertiser (New Canaan, CT). (Viewed 9 December 2023. S00661). 2022 - article mentionDuffield, Grace. (27 April 2022). "Colored garden" named ’provocatively’ to confront New Canaan’s Glass House’s past and future [with mention of Johnson’s pro-Nazi support]. New Haven Register (New Haven, CT). (Viewed 9 December 2023. S00662). 2022 - article mentionDuffield, Grace. (27 April 2022). "Colored garden" named ’provocatively’ to confront New Canaan’s Glass House’s past and future [with mention of Johnson’s pro-Nazi support]. The News-Times (Danbury, CT). (Viewed 9 December 2023. S00663). 2022 - article mentionDuffield, Grace. (27 April 2022). "Colored garden" named ’provocatively’ to confront New Canaan’s Glass House’s past and future [with mention of Johnson’s pro-Nazi support]. The Register Citizen (Torrington, CT). (Viewed 9 December 2023. S00664). 2022 - article mentionDuffield, Grace. (27 April 2022). "Colored garden" named ’provocatively’ to confront New Canaan’s Glass House’s past and future [with mention of Johnson’s pro-Nazi support]. The Ridgefield Press (Ridgefield, CT). (Viewed 9 December 2023. S00665). 2022 - article mentionDuffield, Grace. (27 April 2022). "Colored garden" named ’provocatively’ to confront New Canaan’s Glass House’s past and future [with mention of Johnson’s pro-Nazi support]. Shelton Herald (Shelton, CT). (Viewed 9 December 2023. S00666). 2022 - article mentionDuffield, Grace. (27 April 2022). "Colored garden" named ’provocatively’ to confront New Canaan’s Glass House’s past and future [with mention of Johnson’s pro-Nazi support]. Stamford Advocate (Stamford, CT). (Viewed 9 December 2023. S00667). 2022 - article mentionDuffield, Grace. (27 April 2022). "Colored garden" named ’provocatively’ to confront New Canaan’s Glass House’s past and future [with mention of Johnson’s pro-Nazi support]. Trumbull Times (Trumbull, CT). (Viewed 9 December 2023. S00668). 2022 - article mentionDuffield, Grace. (27 April 2022). "Colored garden" named ’provocatively’ to confront New Canaan’s Glass House’s past and future [with mention of Johnson’s pro-Nazi support]. Wilton Bulletin (Wilton, CT). (Viewed 9 December 2023. S00669). 2022 - article mentionViglucci, Andres. (4 September 2022). Miami-Dade’s cultural center, built to save downtown 40 years ago, may be scrapped [with mention of Philip Johnson’s pro-Nazi support past]. Miami Herald. (Viewed 6 July 2024. S01449). "In the late 1970s, Philip Johnson was America’s most famous and influential living architect, and what was then known as Dade County needed someone to design an iconic cultural center to help rescue a dying downtown Miami... Audacious and sometimes controversial— Johnson was a committed Fascist and Nazi sympathizer in the 1930s before reversing course..." (Excerpt from above.) 2022 - article / review mentionSellers, Meredith. (29 November 2022). Unseen landscapes at Art Alliance; "New typologies", a three artist exhibit, views classical notions with a contemporary lens [with mention of Philip Johnson’s pro-Nazi support]. Philadelphia Inquirer, p. B7. (Viewed 1 December 2023. S00549). "... [David Hartt’s video Et in Arcadia Ego] was filmed at modernist architect Philip Johnson’s famed Glass House... In addition to being a paradigm-shifting architect, Johnson was a Nazi sympathizer, an antisemite, a believer in eugenics... " (Excerpt from above.)
2022 - article mentionSilverstein, Andrew. (8 December 2022). Why is there still a bust of this antisemite in Rockefeller Center? Monuments to other problematic historical figures have been removed in the U.S., yet Charles Lindbergh remains in a prime NYC tourist spot [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. The Forward (New York). (Viewed 30 July 2024. S01585). "... Johnson, a former museum department head, supported the Nazi party during the 1930s. MoMA decided to temporarily cover Johnson’s name with artwork from the organization Black Reconstruction Collective..." (Excerpt from above.) 2022 - article(24 December 2022). Philip Johnson Gay. Modernist. Nazi sympathiser. The Modernist’s guide to cocktails website. (Viewed 3 December 2023. S00570). "... Is it ethical to enjoy a work of art, when the person who created it espoused values that are abhorrent or if they themselves behaved in a deeply unethical manner? How unethical is too unethical? ..." (Excerpt from above.)
2023 - spotlighted book chapter and mentionsMaddow, Rachel. (2023). PREQUEL: An American fight against fascism [with chapter 1: The Glass House; focus on pro-Nazism of Philip Johnson, which continues in the book], pp. 416. Crown Publishing Group. (Viewed 2 December 2023). > Note that in Maddow’s extensive media interviews and podcasts regarding the book, she more often than not does not mention Philip Johnson, and opts for others instead.
2023 - article / spotlighted radio interviewRachini, Mouhamad. (17 October 2023). How far-right plotters tried to introduce Nazi-inspired fascism to pre-WW II U.S [with excerpts from the interview of Rachel Maddow, presumably; with embedded radio interview of Rachel Maddow by Matt Galloway]. CBC (The Current program). (Viewed 4 December 2023. S00593). [14.44+] Matt Galloway: How do you understand, how somebody like [Johnson], goes on to be ostensibly a respectable member of society? Maddow: Excellent question! Yeah. How does that happen..." (Excerpt from above.)
2023 - spotlighted podcast mentionWittes, Benjamin. (c. 9 November 2023). Rachel Maddow on her book "Prequel: An American fight against fascism" [with mention of Philip Johnson and his pro-Nazi views]. Lawfare podcast. (Viewed 3 December 2023. S00573). [1:07:55] Rachel Maddow: "I’m trying to make John Rogge a hero in the U. S. Justice Department... I’m trying to make Leon Lewis as famous as I can possibly make him... I work in the news business. I spend a lot of time everyday, thinking about, working on, reporting on, and explaining the doings of the worst people in America and the worst people in the world. It is also worth not letting those people be lost to history— and holding them to account too. The long tail of Philip Johnson... is a tail that should have been stepped on by a public that was better informed about their villiany..." (Excerpt from above.) 2023 - other articlesSee the articles 2023 - article mentionStevens Curl, James. (21 January 2023). Hitler’s revenge; The RIBA Journal confuses architectural history [with mention of Philip Johnson’s pro-Nazi support]. The Critic magazine. (Viewed 4 December 2023. S00597). "... Philip Johnson joined in the widespread adulation accorded to Nazi Germany after he heard Adolf Hitler (1889-1945) speak, and for a time was closely involved with some vile rabble-rousers opposed to Franklin Delano Roosevelt..." (Excerpt from above.) 2023 - article mentionPalumbo, Jacqui. (29 June 2023). Steeped in history and race, Gary Simmons’ ghostly artworks are timeless— and all too timely [with mention of Johnson’s pro-Nazi support]. CNN (Style section). (Viewed 2 December 2023. S00557). "... For ’Public Enemy,’ Simmons recreated four monumental works in paint and chalk, including a trio called ’1964’... Each of the three depicts an architectural structure or design element with darker implications, such as architect Philip Johnson’s 1940s modernist masterpiece Glass House— a building which was allegedly partially influenced by Polish homes stripped down during World War II, and a reflection of Johnson’s purported Nazi affiliation..." (my underlining, excerpt from above). 2023 - article mentionDroge, Isabel. (28 July 2023). 5 Buildings Designed by Celebrated Architect Philip Johnson. The Collector website. (Viewed 27 May 2024. S01116). "... Between 1934 and 1940, Johnson had in fact proved to be sympathetic to Fascist politics..." (Excerpt from above.) 2023 - article mention(Updated 15 October 2023). The life and architectural career of Philip Johnson [with mention of Johnson’s pro-Nazi past]. Archisoup architectural education-oriented website. (Viewed 11 August 2024. S01615). "... Philip Johnson was sympathetic to the Nazi cause. He was reported to express “more than passing admiration for Hitler”. He later apologized for his ’stupid views’..." (Excerpt from above.) 2023 - article mentionShesol, Jeff. (15 October 2023). Is there fascist DNA in the U.S. body politic? Rachel Maddow’s "Prequel" and Heather Cox Richardson’s ’Democracy awakening’ follow plots against America hatched by homegrown autocrats. New York Times. (Viewed 4 December 2023. S00595). "... Nazi fetishists like Philip Johnson— later an acclaimed architect— set out in search of an American Hitler... " (Excerpt from above.) 2023 - book excerpt mentionMaddow, Rachel. (25 November 2023). The Secret Nazi Plot Inside America [book excerpt; with mention of Johnson’s pro-Nazi support]. Rolling Stone magazine. (Viewed 3 December 2023. S00569). "... That German propaganda campaign, by ground and by air, was facilitated by a cadre of American troops. There was Lawrence Dennis, proud to be known as ’the intellectual godfather of American fascism’; his mentee Philip Johnson, later a celebrated modern architect... " (Excerpt from above.) 2023 - article mentionPfarrer, Steve. (22 December 2023). Rachel Maddow’s new book examines American fascism in the WWII era and the fight against it [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. Greenfield Recorder (Greenfield, Massachusetts). (Viewed 22 July 2024. S01511). "... She also notes that fascism and Nazism attracted a strange group of fellow travelers, from the future architect Philip Johnson..." (Excerpt from above.) 2024 - spotlighted articleRoche, Daniel. (26 January 2024). In Prequel, Rachel Maddow chronicles Philip Johnson’s fascist activity for the general public. Architect’s Newspaper. (Viewed 27 May 2024. S01117). "... Touring Nazi-occupied Poland in 1939 with SS officers, attending a 1939 Hitler rally in Nuremberg, actively spying for the Nazis, designing a stage for the fascist radio personality Father Coughlin, and translating texts about Nazi political economy into English over a 20-year period were just a few of Philip Johnson’s so-called ’mistakes.’ ..." (Excerpt from above.) 2024 - spotlighted TV news broadcast mentionMaddow, Rachel. (12 February 2024). TV news segment mentioning Tucker Carlson, Vladimir Putin and Philip Johnson (start at 8:07) (spotlighted at top of webpage). Rachel Maddow show, MSNBC. (Viewed 4 May 2024. S01071). Rachel Maddow: ... [Putin] claimed in this interview that it was Poland who started World War II. Poland did it! Because even though Poland had cooperated with Hitler up to a point, they stopped cooperating with Hitler when Hitler really wanted them to cooperate more. And once that happened, Hitler had no choice: he just had to invade, and by the way it was kind of doing Poland a favor... We haven’t had someone trying to sell this line to an American audience since it happened the first time in 1939, right? With Philip Johnson’s "reporting", right? With him, we had a committed American fascist allied with the Nazis, openly routing for them, trying to sell us this bill of goods..." (Excerpt from above.) 2024 - spotlighted article mentionStacom, Dan. (24 April 2024). There’s a proposal to redevelop a 300-year-old CT home. Why town residents are fighting it [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. Hartford Courant. (Viewed 18 July 2024. S01554). "... ’What the foundation is seeking approval for is not much different from having the circus permanently encamp at 6 Opening Hill Road,’ neighbors Carolyn and John Dugan wrote in a letter to the town earlier this month... One neighbor even argued that a prominent architect who supposedly took part in an expansion of the original house had a history of being a Nazi sympathizer— in the 1930s. ’While (Philip) Johnson’s contributions to architecture are undeniable, his controversial beliefs and associations cast a dark shadow over his legacy,’ Kachina Way resident Frank Rizzo wrote. ’As stewards of our community’s integrity and values, we must carefully consider whether honoring such a legacy aligns with our principles of inclusivity, equality and tolerance..." (Excerpts from above.) 2024 - spotlighted advertisement mention(2 May 2024). Advertisement: "Exasperated and angry Madison residents unite against the Special Use Exception Permit Application filed by the Emily Hall Tremaine Foundation... in the filing highlighting Philip Johnson’s association (extremely controversial background) to the property..." The Day / Zip06 (New London - Connecticut shoreline). (Viewed 2 September 2024. S01080). 2024 - spotlighted letter mentioning Philip Johnson /Emily Hall TremaineLockhart, Bruce. (13 May 2024). Letter (untitled) [with mention of Emily Hall Tremaine and Philip Johnson]. Special exclusion zoning application, Emily Hall Tremaine Foundation, Madison Town Hall, Connecticut. (Viewed 16 October 2024. S01743). "... This [woman], Emily Tremaine, married a NAZI, employed a Nazi and, according to her second husband, was a Nazi herself... ... THIS IS NOT WHAT MADISON SHOULD BE THINKING ABOUT PROMOTING OR HONORING HER AND HER NAZI ARCHITECT." (Excerpts from above.)
2024 - spotlighted articleMashiach, Italy. (14 June 2024). The nazi who built Israel a nuclear reactor: The dark side of architect Philip Johnson; The story of the reactor at Nahal Soreq is also the story of the whitewashing of the godfather of American architecture, Philip Johnson, a racist and white supremacist who according to his secretary wanted to be "the Hitler of the United States". Haaretz newspaper (Tel Aviv, Israel). (Viewed 6 July 2024. S01441). "... The go-to architect for members of New York cultural elite, an ardent fascist and antisemite, also built a nuclear reactor for Israel... Did Johnson conceal in one of the iconic structures of modern architecture a reference to destroyed Polish villages, that "stirring spectacle" he saw during the Nazi invasion of 1939? ..." (Excerpt from above.) 2024 - Q & A(13 July 2024). On Philip Johnson, (13:45+). Rachel Maddow Q & A, The Progressive Forum, Houston, Texas. (Viewed 2 August 2024. S01606). 2024 - spotlighted article(25 July 2024). Ex-Nazi agent [Philip Johnson] design slammed by Madison residents in zoning battle; resumes August 1. Connecticut Centinal. (Viewed 30 July 2024. S01578). "... This specifically concerns the special exclusion application by the Emily Hall Tremaine Foundation to rezone a residential six-acre property for some kind of an art center and event venue with accommodation... The application aims to, in essence, resurrect the home of deceased 20th century art collectors Burton and Emily Hall Tremaine, but offer new programming... The property features an 18th century farmhouse with Modern additions by controversial, architect Philip Johnson, an ex-Nazi agent and a post-WWII favorite of the elite cultural left. Johnson’s Nazi past has been slammed extensively in the American and international press, and even MSNBC presenter Rachel Maddow has questioned Philip Johnson’s role in history and certain people after WWII giving him a pass. Among many allegations and documented facts, Johnson’s secretary told the FBI that Johnson wanted to become the American Hitler in 1933-34. He also travelled to Germany and attended Hitler rallies..." (Excerpts from above.)
2024 - spotlighted article mentionHeathcote, Edwin. (10 August 2024). House museums #80: Philip Johnson’s Glass House; The American architect’s minimalist folly, with its views of lush lawns— or "expensive wallpaper"— was as influential as it was controversial [with mention of Johnson’s pro-Nazi past]. Financial Times. (Viewed 10 August 2024. S01611). "... But an early infatuation with fascism has tainted Johnson’s reputation. He travelled to Nazi Germany, writing enthusiastically about its iconography and ritual, and was even suspected by the FBI of being a Nazi spy. His legacy is contested and fraught, for both MoMA, whose architecture department he founded, and, arguably, for Modernism itself in the US..." (Excerpt from above.) 2024 - spotlighted letter mentioning EHTF and Philip JohnsonRing, Ilisa Rossum. (11 August 2024). Letter: Letter for P and Z members - Opposition to zoning amendment application— Tremaine’s pro-Nazi architect Philip Johnson. Special exclusion zoning application, Emily Hall Tremaine Foundation, Madison Town Hall, Connecticut. (Viewed 3 September 2024. S01689). "As a former member of the P and Z board, I strenuously object to the Tremaine’s [sic] request for an exception to our zoning regulations for the property located on Opening Hill Road... The vast majority of our citizens reject the glorification of the accomplishments of architect Philip Johnson, a noted and outspoken Nazi! ..." (Excerpt from above.)
2024 - other articlesSee the articles 2024 - article mentionBailey, Spencer. (29 March 2024). Inside the Brick House, Philip Johnson’s private playground; After a major restoration, the Glass House’s sister property opens to the public for the first time, revealing the secret history of an architectural curiosity, and the interior life of its mastermind. Town & Country magazine. (Viewed 17 July 2024. S01553). "... There was also Johnson the fascist and antisemite, a political position he later downplayed as a youthful indiscretion but that biographers conclude was a sincere conviction. ’He was all-in for the complete bag of Nazi awfulness,’ Mark Lamster, the author of The Man in the Glass House, told Metropolis magazine ..." (Excerpt from above.) 2024 - article mentionHawthorne, Christopher. (13 April 2024). Philip Johnson’s Brick House and its hidden boudoir, exposed [with mention of Johnson’s pro-Nazi support past]. New York Times. (Viewed 25 May 2024. S01114). "... Then there is the question of Johnson’s politics. Scholars in recent years have devoted increasing attention to Johnson’s embrace of Fascism, which began in the 1930s after he left a curatorial post at the Museum of Modern Art and ultimately saw him accompany Nazi troops as they invaded Poland in 1939..." (Excerpt from above.) 2024 - letter mentioning Philip JohnsonRizzo, Ed. (17 April 2024). Letter: 6 Opening Hill Special Exemption Permit Application. Special exclusion zoning application, Emily Hall Tremaine Foundation, Madison Town Hall, Connecticut. (Viewed 16 October 2024. S01745). "... It is crucial that we consider the ethical and historical implications of this proposal... ... Philip Johnson is a controversial figure who has faced accusations of being a Nazi sympathizer, spy, fascist, racist, and anti-semite— accusations which have most recently resurfaced in Rachel Maddow’s best-selling book, Prequel. Additionally, organizations that have been associated with Mr. Johnson have elicited notable criticism and suffered reputational harm..." (Excerpt from above.)
2024 - letter mentioning Philip JohnsonRizzo, Ed. (17 April 2024). Letter: 6 Opening Hill Special Exception use. Special exclusion zoning application, Emily Hall Tremaine Foundation, Madison Town Hall, Connecticut. (Viewed 16 October 2024. S01746). "I am writing to inquire about the Economic Development Commission’s position on the recent Special Exception Permit application... ... Philip Johnson is a controversial figure who has faced accusations of being a Nazi sympathizer, spy, fascist, racist, and anti-semite— accusations which have most recently resurfaced in Rachel Maddow’s best-selling book, Prequel. Additionally, organizations that have been associated with Mr. Johnson have elicited notable criticism and suffered reputational harm..." (Excerpt from above.)
2024 - article mentionStacom, Don (Hartford Courant). (24 April 2024). In Conn. shoreline town, some fear new philanthropic center would amount to "a circus" [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. The Day (New London, CT). (Viewed 19 July 2024. S01555). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (2 May 2024). [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation seeks to turn former Madison home of $56M art collection into nonprofit space [with mention / link to article discussing Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. CT Insider news website (Connecticut). (Viewed 2 September 2024. S01693). "... The site, which features work by celebrated and controversial architect Philip Johnson, would be extensively renovated... The house was sold upon Emily Hall Tremaine’s death in the 1990s, and in recent years had fallen into disrepair before it was foreclosed on by Bank of America, according to the applicants...." (Excerpt from above.) 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (2 May 2024). [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation seeks to turn former Madison home of $56M art collection into nonprofit space [with mention / link to article discussing Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. Greenwich Time newspaper (Greenwich, CT). (Viewed 3 September 2024. S01694). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (2 May 2024). [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation seeks to turn former Madison home of $56M art collection into nonprofit space [with mention / link to article discussing Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. The Hour newspaper (Norwalk, CT). (Viewed 3 September 2024. S01695). 2024 - articleBraden, Susan. (2 May 2024). [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation seeks to turn former Madison home of $56M art collection into nonprofit space [with mention / link to article discussing Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. Middletown Press (Middletown, CT). (Viewed 3 September 2024. S01696). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (2 May 2024). [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation seeks to turn former Madison home of $56M art collection into nonprofit space [with mention / link to article discussing Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. The Milford Mirror (Milford, CT). (Viewed 3 September 2024. S01697). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (2 May 2024). [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation seeks to turn former Madison home of $56M art collection into nonprofit space [with mention / link to article discussing Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. The New Canaan Advertiser (New Canaan, CT). (Viewed 3 September 2024. S01698). 2024 - articleBraden, Susan. (2 May 2024). [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation seeks to turn former Madison home of $56M art collection into nonprofit space [with mention / link to article discussing Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. New Haven Register (New Haven, CT). (Viewed 3 September 2024. S01699). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (2 May 2024). [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation seeks to turn former Madison home of $56M art collection into nonprofit space [with mention / link to article discussing Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. The News-Times (Danbury, CT). (Viewed 3 September 2024. S01700). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (2 May 2024). [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation seeks to turn former Madison home of $56M art collection into nonprofit space [with mention / link to article discussing Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. The Register Citizen (Torrington, CT). (Viewed 3 September 2024. S01701). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (2 May 2024). [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation seeks to turn former Madison home of $56M art collection into nonprofit space [with mention / link to article discussing Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. The Ridgefield Press (Ridgefield, CT). (Viewed 3 September 2024. S01702). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (2 May 2024). [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation seeks to turn former Madison home of $56M art collection into nonprofit space [with mention / link to article discussing Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. Shelton Herald (Shelton, CT). (Viewed 3 September 2024. S01703). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (2 May 2024). [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation seeks to turn former Madison home of $56M art collection into nonprofit space [with mention / link to article discussing Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. Stamford Advocate (Stamford, CT). (Viewed 3 September 2024. S01704). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (2 May 2024). [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation seeks to turn former Madison home of $56M art collection into nonprofit space [with mention / link to article discussing Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. Trumbull Times (Trumbull, CT). (Viewed 3 September 2024. S01705). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (2 May 2024). [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation seeks to turn former Madison home of $56M art collection into nonprofit space [with mention / link to article discussing Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. Wilton Bulletin (Wilton, CT). (Viewed 3 September 2024. S01706). 2024 - advertisement mention(2 May 2024). Advertisement: "Exasperated and angry Madison residents unite against the Special Use Exception Permit Application filed by the Emily Hall Tremaine Foundation... in the filing highlighting Philip Johnson’s association (extremely controversial background) to the property..." The Source (Madison & Killingworth, CT), p. 4. (Viewed 2 September 2024. S01686). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (6 May 2024). Madison neighbors oppose [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation’s plan to open center at family home. CT Insider news website (Connecticut). (Viewed 29 August 2024. S01657). "... The famed, controversial architect Philip Johnson designed the glass addition to the 18th century farmhouse and the glass barn... Lockhart said he was troubled about the foundation celebrating the work of Johnson because of his ties to Nazism in the 1930s. ’If we can take down the statue of Christopher Columbus, if we can take down confederate soldiers as something we should not be proud of, why are we glorifying a Nazi architect,’ Lockhart said..." (Excerpt from above.) 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (6 May 2024). Madison neighbors oppose [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation’s plan to open center at family home [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. Greenwich Time newspaper (Greenwich, CT). (Viewed 29 August 2024. S01658). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (6 May 2024). Madison neighbors oppose [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation’s plan to open center at family home [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. The Hour newspaper (Norwalk, CT). (Viewed 30 August 2024. S01659). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (6 May 2024). Madison neighbors oppose [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation’s plan to open center at family home [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. Middletown Press (Middletown, CT). (Viewed 30 August 2024. S01660). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (6 May 2024). Madison neighbors oppose [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation’s plan to open center at family home [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. The Milford Mirror (Milford, CT). (Viewed 30 August 2024. S01661). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (6 May 2024). Madison neighbors oppose [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation’s plan to open center at family home [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. The New Canaan Advertiser (New Canaan, CT). (Viewed 30 August 2024. S01662). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (6 May 2024). Madison neighbors oppose [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation’s plan to open center at family home [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. New Haven Register (New Haven, CT). (Viewed 30 August 2024. S01663). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (6 May 2024). Madison neighbors oppose [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation’s plan to open center at family home [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. The News-Times (Danbury, CT). (Viewed 30 August 2024. S01664). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (6 May 2024). Madison neighbors oppose [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation’s plan to open center at family home [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. The Register Citizen (Torrington, CT). (Viewed 30 August 2024. S01665). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (6 May 2024). Madison neighbors oppose [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation’s plan to open center at family home [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. The Ridgefield Press (Ridgefield, CT). (Viewed 30 August 2024. S01666). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (6 May 2024). Madison neighbors oppose [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation’s plan to open center at family home [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. Shelton Herald (Shelton, CT). (Viewed 30 August 2024. S01667). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (6 May 2024). Madison neighbors oppose [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation’s plan to open center at family home [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. Stamford Advocate (Stamford, CT). (Viewed 30 August 2024. S01668). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (6 May 2024). Madison neighbors oppose [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation’s plan to open center at family home [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. Trumbull Times (Trumbull, CT). (Viewed 30 August 2024. S01669). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (6 May 2024). Madison neighbors oppose [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation’s plan to open center at family home [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. Wilton Bulletin (Wilton, CT). (Viewed 30 August 2024. S01670). 2024 - letter mentioning Philip JohnsonLevin, Rich. (18 May 2024). Letter: Rebuttal to Tremaine Foundation presentation with mention of Philip Johnson, Burton and Emily Hall Tremaine]. Special exclusion zoning application, Emily Hall Tremaine Foundation, Madison Town Hall, Connecticut. (Viewed 16 October 2024. S01744). "... The Foundation’s plans are just as likely to cause infamy for Madison... The question was particularly poignant considering the controversy surrounding [Philip] Johnson, the architects that the [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation reveres. Perhaps the Tremaine family [Burton and Emily] should have vetted him before hiring him to work on their home..." (Excerpts from above.)
2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (27 May 2024). Residents push back on [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation’s plan to turn Madison home into center [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. CT Insider news website (Connecticut). (Viewed 16 August 2024. S01641). "The famed and controversial architect Philip Johnson, designer of New Canaan’s Glass House, created the glass addition to the antique house and the glass barn..." (Excerpt from above.) 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (27 May 2024). Residents push back on [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation’s plan to turn Madison home into center [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. Greenwich Time newspaper (Greenwich, CT). (Viewed 15 August 2024. S01642). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (27 May 2024). Residents push back on [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation’s plan to turn Madison home into center [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. The Hour newspaper (Norwalk, CT). (Viewed 15 August 2024. S01643). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (27 May 2024). Residents push back on [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation’s plan to turn Madison home into center [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. Middletown Press (Middletown, CT). (Viewed 15 August 2024. S01644). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (27 May 2024). Residents push back on [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation’s plan to turn Madison home into center [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. The Milford Mirror (Milford, CT). (Viewed 18 August 2024. S01646). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (27 May 2024). Residents push back on [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation’s plan to turn Madison home into center [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. The New Canaan Advertiser (New Canaan, CT). (Viewed 18 August 2024. S01647). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (27 May 2024). Residents push back on [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation’s plan to turn Madison home into center [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. New Haven Register (New Haven, CT). (Viewed 22 August 2024. S01649). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (27 May 2024). Residents push back on [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation’s plan to turn Madison home into center [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. The News-Times (Danbury, CT). (Viewed 22 August 2024. S01650). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (27 May 2024). Residents push back on [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation’s plan to turn Madison home into center [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. The Register Citizen (Torrington, CT). (Viewed 26 August 2024. S01651). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (27 May 2024). Residents push back on [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation’s plan to turn Madison home into center [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. The Ridgefield Press (Ridgefield, CT). (Viewed 26 August 2024. S01652). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (27 May 2024). Residents push back on [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation’s plan to turn Madison home into center [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. Shelton Herald (Shelton, CT). (Viewed 27 August 2024. S01653). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (27 May 2024). Residents push back on [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation’s plan to turn Madison home into center [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. Stamford Advocate (Stamford, CT). (Viewed 27 August 2024. S01654). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (27 May 2024). Residents push back on [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation’s plan to turn Madison home into center [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. Trumbull Times (Trumbull, CT). (Viewed 28 August 2024. S01655). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (27 May 2024). Residents push back on [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation’s plan to turn Madison home into center [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. Wilton Bulletin (Wilton, CT). (Viewed 28 August 2024. S01656). 2024 - article mentionBraus, Nancy. (5 June 2024). Commentary | Nancy Braus - Notes from a Vermont activist: The republican party is bringing Hitler back [with mention ]. Brattleboro Reformer (Vermont). (Viewed 19 September 2024. S01710). "... Rachel Maddow expanded on the research she did for the powerful podcast Ultra, and published "Prequel: An American Fight Against Fascism." Maddow had uncovered an amazing plot: the German government recruited such traitors as Philip Johnson, famous architect and socialite..." (Excerpt from above.) 2024 - article mentionRoche, Daniel. (6 June 2024). The curious case of Emily Hall Tremaine; Plans to convert home with Philip Johnson-designed addition into cultural center divide quiet Connecticut town [by the Emily Hall Tremaine Foundation; with mention of Johnson’s Nazi past]. (Viewed 19 October 2024. S01762). "... Johnson was organizing and spying for the Nazis as reported by Rachel Maddow in her recent expose, Prequel ... When Emily filed for divorce, in her defense, she said that Adolph’s Nazi sympathies were a major factor. To this, Spreckels famously rebuked: ’I’m not the Nazi, SHE is!’... " (Excerpt from above.) 2024 - advertisement(11 June 2024). Advertisement: "Attention Madison residents— we have a problem[;] your help is needed" (with mention of [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation and Philip Johnson’s Nazi past). The Source (Madison, CT). (Viewed 19 September 2024. S01684). "... Disastrous effects of this proposal... Published articles and books have outlined Philip Johnson’s Nazi affiliations and his relationship to Emily Hall Tremaine. How does this knowledge enhance Madison’s image? ... " (Excerpt from above.)
2024 - podcast mentionHart, Bradley W. (presenter). (11 June 2024). Episode 10 - The godfather (Lawrence Dennis) [16:40+: Nancy Beck Young mentions Philip Johnson giving Lawrence Dennis USD$5000 enabling his work]. Star-spangled Fascism Podcast. (Viewed 14 June 2024. S01385). 2024 - article mentionScanlan, Brian D. (16 June 2024). Window to history; How we nearly lost Ellis Island— and how we must preserve it [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. Democrat and Chronicle (Rochester, New York), pp. 5B, 9B. (Viewed 17 July 2024. S00550). "... The Department of the Interior commissioned famed architect and former Nazi sympathizer Philip Johnson..." (Excerpt from above.)
2024 - article mentionScanlan, Brian D. (16 June 2024). Window to history; How we nearly lost Ellis Island— and how we must preserve it [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. The North Jersey Herald & News / The Record / Herald News, (Passaic, New Jersey), p. 2O. (Viewed 17 July 2024. S01512).
2024 - letter mentioning Philip Johnson /EHTFMcEwen, V. Mitch. (16 July 2024). Letter to Madison CT (with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past, and the [Burton and Emily Hall] Tremaine barn). Special exclusion zoning application, Emily Hall Tremaine Foundation, Madison Town Hall, Connecticut. (Viewed 19 September 2024. S01714). "’I am writing to encourage the municipality of Madison to heed the local concerns around the proposed rezoning of The Tremaine Barn... As far as the Tremaine site, it is important to note the SS repurposed barns in Poland. Auschwicz was built on a stolen farm... Johnson had the humor of a sociopath. It may easily become a nationally recognized memorial to antiblack and antisemitic brutality, albeit a glamorous one.’ ..." (Excerpt from above.)
2024 - article mentionVelsey, Kim. (19 June 2024). Stay in a Steven Holl; Twelve architecturally significant places (just outside New York) you can stay for a night or more [including section on "Philip Johnson’s Wolfhouse in Newburgh" with mention of his Nazi past]. New York magazine / Curbed. (Viewed 12 September 2024. S01723). 2024 - article mentionRoche, Daniel. (17 July 2024). Caruso St John Architects to renovate Philip Johnson’s Kunsthalle Bielefeld, a building haunted by its past [with mention of Johnson’s Nazi part, and Johnson’s designs for Burton and Emily Hall Tremaine in Madison, CT]. Architect’s Newspaper. (Viewed 12 October 2024. S01720). "... In Madison, Connecticut, a town is divided over whether or not an estate Johnson worked on (for a client [Burton and Emily Hall Tremaine] with Nazi ties [sic: allegations]) should be transformed into a museum..." (Excerpt from above.) 2024 - articleChernick, Karen. (24 July 2024). The ex-Nazi sympathizer who built Israel’s secret nuclear site; A new photography exhibition delves into the secret history of the Soreq Nuclear Research Center, designed by star modernist architect Philip Johnson. Tablet magazine. (Viewed 29 July 2024. S01584). "... He promoted Nazism in America and regularly wrote for Social Justice, an American fascist tabloid. Johnson visited Berlin often in the 1930s, meeting with senior Nazi officials and participating in Nazi party events including visits to Hitler’s rallies and Nazi youth camps. He heard Hitler address a rally in Potsdam in 1932, went to Rome to see the 10th-anniversary celebrations of Mussolini’s coup, and attended the 1938 National Socialist German Workers’ Party rally at Nuremberg..." (Excerpt from above.) 2024 - letter mentioning Philip JohnsonBowdren, Brittany. (26 July 2024). Letter: "Ex-Nazi agent slammed by Madison residents in zoning battle" [with indirect mention of Philip Johnson]. Special exclusion zoning application, Emily Hall Tremaine Foundation, Madison Town Hall, Connecticut. (Viewed 19 October 2024. S01715). "... Is the Tremaine Ex-Nazi Agent Design going to put Madison on the map?... This is not who Madison is, and certainly not who we ever want to be..." (Excerpt from above.)
2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (5 August 2024). 5 things to know about [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation plan to turn estate in Madison into arts and education center [with mention of Philip Johnson]. CT Insider news website (Connecticut). (Viewed 12 August 2024. S01617). "The foundation, which plans to move its New Haven office to the site, is also involved in research on learning differences and the environment; it is founder of Sustainable CT... [Existing buildings] include a 1700s farmhouse, a mid-century modern glass addition and glass barn designed by the internationally known yet controversial architect Phillip Johnson [a former Nazi agent] ..." (Excerpt from above.) 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (5 August 2024). 5 things to know about [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation plan to turn estate in Madison into arts and education center [with mention of "controversial" architect Philip Johnson]. Greenwich Time newspaper (Greenwich, CT). (Viewed 12 August 2024. S01618). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (5 August 2024). 5 things to know about [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation plan to turn estate in Madison into arts and education center [with mention of "controversial" architect Philip Johnson]. The Hour newspaper (Norwalk, CT). (Viewed 12 August 2024. S01619). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (5 August 2024). 5 things to know about [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation plan to turn estate in Madison into arts and education center [with mention of "controversial" architect Philip Johnson]. Middletown Press (Middletown, CT). (Viewed 12 August 2024. S01620). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (5 August 2024). 5 things to know about [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation plan to turn estate in Madison into arts and education center [with mention of "controversial" architect Philip Johnson]. The Milford Mirror (Milford, CT). (Viewed 12 August 2024. S01621). 2024 - articleBraden, Susan. (5 August 2024). 5 things to know about [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation plan to turn estate in Madison into arts and education center [with mention of "controversial" architect Philip Johnson]. The New Canaan Advertiser (New Canaan, CT). (Viewed 12 August 2024. S01622). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (5 August 2024). 5 things to know about [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation plan to turn estate in Madison into arts and education center [with mention of "controversial" architect Philip Johnson]. New Haven Register (New Haven, CT). (Viewed 12 August 2024. S01623). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (5 August 2024). 5 things to know about [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation plan to turn estate in Madison into arts and education center [with mention of "controversial" architect Philip Johnson]. The News-Times (Danbury, CT). (Viewed 12 August 2024. S01624). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (5 August 2024). 5 things to know about [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation plan to turn estate in Madison into arts and education center [with mention of "controversial" architect Philip Johnson]. The Register Citizen (Torrington, CT). (Viewed 12 August 2024. S01625). 2024 - articleBraden, Susan. (5 August 2024). 5 things to know about [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation plan to turn estate in Madison into arts and education center [with mention of "controversial" architect Philip Johnson]. The Ridgefield Press (Ridgefield, CT). (Viewed 12 August 2024. S01626). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (5 August 2024). 5 things to know about [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation plan to turn estate in Madison into arts and education center [with mention of "controversial" architect Philip Johnson]. Shelton Herald (Shelton, CT). (Viewed 12 August 2024. S01627). 2024 - articleBraden, Susan. (5 August 2024). 5 things to know about [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation plan to turn estate in Madison into arts and education center [with mention of "controversial" architect Philip Johnson]. Stamford Advocate (Stamford, CT). (Viewed 12 August 2024. S01628). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (5 August 2024). 5 things to know about [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation plan to turn estate in Madison into arts and education center [with mention of "controversial" architect Philip Johnson]. Trumbull Times (Trumbull, CT). (Viewed 12 August 2024. S01629). 2024 - articleBraden, Susan. (5 August 2024). 5 things to know about [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation plan to turn estate in Madison into arts and education center [with mention of "controversial" architect Philip Johnson]. Wilton Bulletin (Wilton, CT). (Viewed 12 August 2024. S01630). 2024 - audioPreece, R. J. (6 August 2024). Philip Johnson, Nazi agent / architect, advanced research: No more "cover stories" (pt 1) (spotlighted at top of webpage). 17 min. artdesigncafe on YouTube. (Viewed 10 August 2024. S01612). "This audio introduces the mapping out of a deeper research dive into the Nazi history of curator / architect Philip Johnson (1906-2005). Johnson admitted his 1930s activity in support of Nazism in Europe and the United States to some extent, but there are huge gaps in his timeline not accounted for..." (Excerpt from above.) 2024 - letter mentioning Philip JohnsonBowdren, Brittany. (9 August 2024). Letter - Rebuttal: Lewis’s support of Tremaine’s pro-Nazi architect Philip Johnson. Special exclusion zoning application, Emily Hall Tremaine Foundation, Madison Town Hall, Connecticut. (Viewed 19 October 2024. S01763). "I write in rebuttal to Hilary Lewis’s letter submitted to Planning and Zoning on 8/1/24. The resurrection of 6 Opening Hill Road— the Tremaine family’s paean to a dead age of glittering superficiality and their Nazi architect Philip Johnson— would hardly constitute an ’asset to the town of Madison’ (Lewis)... Let us be clear: Philip Johnson was a Nazi... Johnson fell in love with Nazism and the pageantry of its aesthetics..." (Excerpt from above.)
2024 - article(13 August 2024). In Madison, [educator] Brittany BLASTS [curator] Hilary about ex-Nazi agent design in zoning battle [including letter by B. Bowdren; regarding design by ex-Nazi agent / architect Philip Johnson; application by the Emily Hall Tremaine Foundation]. Connecticut Centinal. (Viewed 6 October 2024. S01712). "The cultural battle continues between the anti-Nazis and the ’oh, he reformed himself’ ’Nazi apologists’ in Madison, CT..." (Excerpt from above.)
2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (22 August 2024). [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation pushes back on Madison neighbors’ concerns for old family home becoming a center [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. CT Insider news website (Connecticut). (Viewed 30 August 2024. S01671). "... [neighbors] raised concerns about the controversial architect’s connections to Nazism... ... A standout feature of the property is the 1700s farmhouse with a mid-century modern glass addition and a glass barn designed by the controversial architect Phillip Johnson, who was known for Nazi leanings before World War II. The foundation faced criticism for wanting to preserve Johnson’s work, citing his earlier affiliation with the Nazi party..." (Excerpts from above.) 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (22 August 2024). [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation pushes back on Madison neighbors’ concerns for old family home becoming a center [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. Greenwich Time newspaper (Greenwich, CT). (Viewed 1 September 2024. S01672). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (22 August 2024). [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation pushes back on Madison neighbors’ concerns for old family home becoming a center [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. The Hour newspaper (Norwalk, CT). (Viewed 1 September 2024. S01673). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (22 August 2024). [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation pushes back on Madison neighbors’ concerns for old family home becoming a center [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. Middletown Press (Middletown, CT). (Viewed 1 September 2024. S01674). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (22 August 2024). [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation pushes back on Madison neighbors’ concerns for old family home becoming a center [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. The Milford Mirror (Milford, CT). (Viewed 2 September 2024. S01675). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (22 August 2024). [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation pushes back on Madison neighbors’ concerns for old family home becoming a center [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. The New Canaan Advertiser (New Canaan, CT). (Viewed 2 September 2024. S01676). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (22 August 2024). [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation pushes back on Madison neighbors’ concerns for old family home becoming a center [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. New Haven Register (New Haven, CT). (Viewed 2 September 2024. S01676). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (22 August 2024). [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation pushes back on Madison neighbors’ concerns for old family home becoming a center [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. The News-Times (Danbury, CT). (Viewed 2 September 2024. S01677). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (22 August 2024). [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation pushes back on Madison neighbors’ concerns for old family home becoming a center [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. The Register Citizen (Torrington, CT). (Viewed 2 September 2024. S01678). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (22 August 2024). [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation pushes back on Madison neighbors’ concerns for old family home becoming a center [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. The Ridgefield Press (Ridgefield, CT). (Viewed 2 September 2024. S01679). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (22 August 2024). [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation pushes back on Madison neighbors’ concerns for old family home becoming a center [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. Shelton Herald (Shelton, CT). (Viewed 2 September 2024. S01680). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (22 August 2024). [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation pushes back on Madison neighbors’ concerns for old family home becoming a center [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. Stamford Advocate (Stamford, CT). (Viewed 2 September 2024. S01681). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (22 August 2024). [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation pushes back on Madison neighbors’ concerns for old family home becoming a center [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. Trumbull Times (Trumbull, CT). (Viewed 2 September 2024. S01682). 2024 - article mentionBraden, Susan. (22 August 2024). [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation pushes back on Madison neighbors’ concerns for old family home becoming a center [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. Wilton Bulletin (Wilton, CT). (Viewed 2 September 2024. S01683). 2024 - podcastPreece, R. J. (26 August 2024). B. Philip Johnson, Nazi agent / architect – mapping out the investigation (pt 2). 26 min. (Viewed 6 October 2024. S01711). 2024 - letter to the editor mentioning Emily Hall Tremaine Foundation and Philip JohnsonArrandale, Ed and Arrandale, Joanna. (18 September 2024). Letter to the editor: Is the Madison P&Z listening to residents’ concerns? The [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation seeks to build an educational facility at 6 Opening Hill Road in Madison [with mention of Philip Johnson’s Nazi past]. Patch (Madison, CT). (Viewed 19 September 2024. S01707). "... Included in these letters [by residents opposing the proposed rezoning application] to the Commission are concerns of the [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation’s push for the property to become a Madison historical and architectural site, which highlight the achievements of its known Nazi architect [Philip Johnson]. Clearly, an abomination not only for the Town of Madison but the State of Connecticut as well..." (Excerpt from above.) 2024 - photo in articleBraden, Susan. (5 October 2024). Madison PZC approves [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation plan for arts, education, environment center in town [with photo of ex-Nazi agent / architect Philip Johnson design for renovation of barn; and photo of Burton and Emily Hall Tremaine]. CT Insider news website (Connecticut). (Viewed 13 October 2024. S01742). 2024 - photo in articleBraden, Susan. (5 October 2024). Madison PZC approves [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation plan for arts, education, environment center in town [with photo of ex-Nazi agent / architect Philip Johnson design for renovation of barn; and photo of Burton and Emily Hall Tremaine]. Greenwich Time newspaper (Greenwich, CT). (Viewed 18 October 2024. S01749). 2024 - photo in articleBraden, Susan. (5 October 2024). Madison PZC approves [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation plan for arts, education, environment center in town [with photo of ex-Nazi agent / architect Philip Johnson design for renovation of barn; and photo of Burton and Emily Hall Tremaine]. The Hour newspaper (Norwalk, CT). (Viewed 18 October 2024. S01750). 2024 - photo in articleBraden, Susan. (5 October 2024). Madison PZC approves [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation plan for arts, education, environment center in town [with photo of ex-Nazi agent / architect Philip Johnson design for renovation of barn; and photo of Burton and Emily Hall Tremaine]. Middletown Press (Middletown, CT). (Viewed 18 October 2024. S01751). 2024 - article(7 October 2024). "I Hope You Burn In HELL!"; Madison PZC Approves Special Exclusion Zoning Application For Ex-Nazi Agent Design On Rosh Hashanah (VIDEO) [the design regarding Philip Johnson; with mention and news clipping photo of Emily Hall Tremaine (then Spreckels)]. Connecticut Centinal. (Viewed 17 October 2024. S01747).
2024 - article mentionBranch, Alfred. (9 October 2024). [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation proposal approved by Madison P&Z: Report; The plan for an educational center at the Opening Hill Road property was opposed by several residents [with mention of former Nazi agent / architect Philip Johnson’s past]. Patch (Madison). (Viewed 10 October 2024. S01717). 2024 - article mentionBranch, Alfred (Patch - Madison). (9 October 2024). [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation Proposal Approved By Madison P&Z [with mention of former Nazi agent / architect Philip Johnson’s past]. MSN.com. (Viewed 10 October 2024. S01718). 2024 - article mentionRoche, Daniel. (9 October 2024). [Emily Hall] Tremaine Foundation gets approval for Philip Johnson-designed home conversion, outraging opponents [with mention of Johnson’s Nazi past and Emily Hall Tremaine]. Architect’s Newspaper. (Viewed 19 October 2024. S01766). "... Mitch McEwen— a professor at Princeton, cofounder of Black Reconstruction Collective, and founder of Johnston Study Group, a research cohort that exposes Johnson’s Nazism— was an outspoken opponent of the conversion... ’It was only in 2019 when the full set of pro-Nazi allegations regarding Emily became known in book publication, while reported in hundreds of American newspapers in 1940,’ Preece told AN..." (Excerpt from above.) |
n. d. |
undated resourcesSee the articles n. d. - Wikipedia entry mention(undated). "Glass House" by Philip Johnson entry [with mention of Johnson’s pro-Nazi support]. Wikipedia. (Viewer 3 December 2023). n. d. - biographical statement mention(undated). Philip Cortelyou Johnson (July 8, 1906 – January 25, 2005) [with mention of Johnson’s pro-Nazi support]. The Glass House website. (Viewed 7 December 2023. S00613). "... While he did not appear to maintain these attitudes lifelong, he espoused pro-Nazi and American fascist sympathies during 1934-1940, which his biographer Franz Schulze referred to as the ’inglorious detour.’ ... " (Excerpt from above.) n. d. - profile(undated). "Philip Johnson" [profile article gives examples from Johnson’s Nazi past]. Metalocus (Madrid, Spain). (Viewed 12 October 2024. S01741). "... From 1932 to 1940, Johnson openly sympathized with Fascism and Nazism. He expressed antisemitic ideas and was involved in several right-wing and fascist political movements..." (Excerpt from above.) n. d. - Wikipedia entry mention(undated). Philip Johnson [with mention of Johnson’s pro-Nazi support]. wikipedia.org. (Viewed 30 November 2023.) n. d. - article mentionKrishna, Ujjvala. (undated). Philip Johnson: Understanding the philosophy of Philip Johnson [with mention of Johnson’s pro-Nazi support]. Rethinking The Future website. (Viewed 6 December 2023. S006 ). "... Also, a Nazi sympathizer and a fascist, [Philip Johnson] did receive a lot of backlash for his ideologies maintaining ani-Semitic stances..." (Excerpt from above.) |